Pyrolysis of Kraft Lignin with Additives

Ben, Haoxi; Ragauskas, Arthur J.

doi:10.1021/ef2007613

Cited by 104 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The pyrolysis samples containing kraft lignin (L) with a 1:1 weight ratio of zeolites were thoroughly mixed with stirring [10,21]. All the zeolites were pre-activated in a pyrolysis tube at 500°C under nitrogen for 6 h. Different types of zeolites, including Y, M and mixture of 'Y + M' , were used as the additives in this work.…”

Section: Preparation Of Pyrolysis Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our previous work introduced quantitative 31 P NMR to determine hydroxyl functional groups in pyrolysis oils [10]. The 31 P NMR spectrum, chemical shifts and integration regions of the phosphitylated bio-oils with 2-chloro-4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethyl-1, 3, 2-dioxaphospholane (TMDP) are summarized in Figure 2 and Table 2 [10].…”

Section: Quantitative 31 P Nmr Analysis Of Pyrolysis Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 31 P NMR spectrum, chemical shifts and integration regions of the phosphitylated bio-oils with 2-chloro-4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethyl-1, 3, 2-dioxaphospholane (TMDP) are summarized in Figure 2 and Table 2 [10].…”

Section: Quantitative 31 P Nmr Analysis Of Pyrolysis Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, lignin separation technology has been developed to recover and utilize lignin as resources of biofuels and chemicals [8]. The pyrolysis of lignin, including kraft lignin, is a promising approach to utilize this resource for fuels and aromatic chemicals [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of combination of zeolites to pursue integrated refined pyrolysis oil from kraft lignin

Huang

Ben

Pan

et al. 2014

Sustain Chem Process

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A mixture of Y and M type zeolites were applied to pyrolyze kraft softwood (SW) lignin with the objective of studying the combination effect of different types of zeolite on pyrolysis. The chemical structures of the subsequent pyrolysis oils were examined. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy including 13 C, 31 P of phosphitylated bio-oils, Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation (HSQC)-NMR, and Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) were used to characterize the pyrolysis oils. The yields of pyrolysis products (light oil, heavy oil and char) from the zeolites combination 'Y + M' catalyzed pyrolysis ranged between the pyrolysis oil yields from zeolite Y or M catalyzed pyrolysis. 31P NMR analysis of the phosphitylated bio-oils revealed that the mixture of 'Y + M' during pyrolysis could decrease the carboxyl groups by 84%, which is close to the effect of the M zeolite. The yields of hydroxyl groups and other functional groups in the 'Y + M' generated bio-oil was between the individual Y and M generated oils. The molecular weight of the pyrolysis oil using a zeolite mixture of 'Y + M' was similar to the individual zeolite Y assisted pyrolysis. These results show that the zeolite mixture of 'Y + M' manifests additive characteristics for pyrolysis.

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Section: Preparation Of Pyrolysis Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quantitative 31 P Nmr Analysis Of Pyrolysis Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quantitative 31 P Nmr Analysis Of Pyrolysis Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of combination of zeolites to pursue integrated refined pyrolysis oil from kraft lignin

Huang

Ben

Pan

et al. 2014

Sustain Chem Process

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“…Furthermore, batch reactor is not adapted for this kind of transformation. NiCl 2 and Ni-ZSM-5 exchanged zeolites were also investigated as catalysts, the later promoting deoxygenated products and leading to a less acidic bio-oil more suitable for fuel [37]. Instead of zeolites, calcium formate was also proposed as an effective additive for reducing the oxygen content of the products [38].…”

Section: Conversion Of Lignin By Pyrolysis or Catalytic Crackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemical Conversion of Lignin for Fuels and Chemicals: A Review

Joffres

Laurenti

Charon

et al. 2013

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

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Re´sume´-Conversion thermochimique de la lignine en carburants et produits chimiques : une revue -La lignine est une des composantes de la biomasse lignocellulosique potentiellement valorisable comme ressource renouvelable pour la production de carburants ou de produits chimiques. Apre`s se´paration de la matrice lignocellulosique, cette macromole´cule est de nos jours essentiellement utilise´e comme combustible dans l'industrie papetie`re. Outre cette filie`re papetie`re, la production d'e´thanol de seconde ge´ne´ration a`partir de la cellulose aura comme conse´quence la mise a`disponibilite´d'encore plus grandes quantite´s de lignine. De nouvelles applications pourront donc eˆtre propose´es pour l'utilisation de cette bio-ressource. Les diffe´rentes voies thermochimiques : pyrolyse, solvolyse, conversion hydrothermale et hydroconversion envisage´es pour la valorisation de la lignine sont de´crites dans cet article.Abstract -Thermochemical Conversion of Lignin for Fuels and Chemicals: A Review -Lignin is one of the biomass components potentially usable as renewable resource to produce fuels or chemicals. After separation from the lignocellulosic matrix, this macromolecule is nowadays essentially valorized by combustion in paper mills. If second generation ethanol is produced in the future from lignocellulosic biomass, some increasing reserves of lignin will be available in addition to the ones coming from the paper industry. The main thermochemical ways such as pyrolysis, solvolysis, hydrothermal conversion and hydroconversion considered for the valorization of the lignin are reviewed in this article.

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Reversible Mechanical Induction of Optical Activity in Solutions of Soft‐Matter Nanophases

Arteaga

Escudero

Oncins

et al. 2009

Chemistry An Asian Journal

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Nanophases of J-aggregates of several achiral amphiphilic porphyrins, which have thin long acicular shapes (nanoribbons), show the immediate and reversible formation of a stationary mechano-chiral state in the solution by vortex stirring, as detected by their circular dichroic signals measured by 2-modulator generalized ellipsometry. The results suggest that when a macroscopic chiral force creates supramolecular chirality, it also creates an enantiomeric excess of screw distortions, which may be detected by their excitonic absorption. An explanation on the effect of the shear flow gradients is proposed on the basis of the orientation of the rotating particles in the vortex and the size, shape, and mechanical properties of the nanoparticles.

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Pyrolysis of Kraft Lignin with Additives

Cited by 104 publications

References 36 publications

The use of combination of zeolites to pursue integrated refined pyrolysis oil from kraft lignin

The use of combination of zeolites to pursue integrated refined pyrolysis oil from kraft lignin

Thermochemical Conversion of Lignin for Fuels and Chemicals: A Review

Reversible Mechanical Induction of Optical Activity in Solutions of Soft‐Matter Nanophases

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