Pyrolysis of coconut shells for the manufacture of carbon sorbents

Olontsev, V. F.; Борисова, И. В.; Sazonova, E. A.

doi:10.3103/s0361521911010095

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The required inputs were obtained from the literature, and the corresponding data sources are indicated together with the mass balances in Table S2 of the SM. With the purpose of analyzing the influence of the anode active material's price on the final price of the cell, three options were considered: hard carbon (i) from sugar [13]; (ii) from coconut shell [29,30]; and (iii) from petroleum coke [15]. The energy and auxiliary inputs required per kg of raw material fed into the hard carbon production process were taken from a previous publication [15], where a carbonization temperature of 1100 • C was assumed.…”

Section: Cost Of Anode Active Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Economic Potential of Sodium-Ion Batteries

2019

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Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are a recent development being promoted repeatedly as an economically promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, only one detailed study about material costs has yet been published for this battery type. This paper presents the first detailed economic assessment of 18,650-type SIB cells with a layered oxide cathode and a hard carbon anode, based on existing datasheets for pre-commercial battery cells. The results are compared with those of competing LIB cells, that is, with lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt-oxide cathodes (NMC) and with lithium-iron-phosphate cathodes (LFP). A sensitivity analysis further evaluates the influence of varying raw material prices on the results. For the SIB, a cell price of 223 €/kWh is obtained, compared to 229 €/kWh for the LFP and 168 €/kWh for the NMC batteries. The main contributor to the price of the SIB cells are the material costs, above all the cathode and anode active materials. For this reason, the amount of cathode active material (e.g., coating thickness) in addition to potential fluctuations in the raw material prices have a considerable effect on the price per kWh of storage capacity. Regarding the anode, the precursor material costs have a significant influence on the hard carbon cost, and thus on the final price of the SIB cell. Organic wastes and fossil coke precursor materials have the potential of yielding hard carbon at very competitive costs. In addition, cost reductions in comparison with LIBs are achieved for the current collectors, since SIBs also allow the use of aluminum instead of copper on the anode side. For the electrolyte, the substitution of lithium with sodium leads to only a marginal cost decrease from 16.1 to 15.8 €/L, hardly noticeable in the final cell price. On the other hand, the achievable energy density is fundamental. While it seems difficult to achieve the same price per kWh as high energy density NMC LIBs, the SIB could be a promising substitute for LFP cells in stationary applications, if it also becomes competitive with LFP cells in terms of safety and cycle life.

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Section: Cost Of Anode Active Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Economic Potential of Sodium-Ion Batteries

2019

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“…[6] . V. F. Olontsev et.al [7] investigated that high carbonaceous charcoal can be extracted up on the pyrolysis of coconut shells with particle size of 3-10 mm. The optimum pyrolysis temperature of coconut shell is reported to be 550°C for maximizing the liquid yield with particle sizes ranging from 1.18-1.80 mm [2].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Oil from Coconut Shells

C*,

et al. 2019

IJRTE

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Future decade’s energy industries and startups can go for an innovation method of electricity generation using clean power mechanism by using the renewable energy and by utilizing the abundant Biomass wastes resources like husks, shells, powdery agri wastes, bagasse as fuels. Similarity to fossil resources, biofuels for heat power utility and electricity production benefits higher efficiency without environmental impact. Bio-Oil extracted from biomass, is a Carbon di oxide neutral technique and it will leads to credit among various resources of biomass coconuts are the surplus available source in the globe. Literature shows that research investigation in extracting the by product from coconut using pyrolysis is very limited. The objective of present work is to envisage the research methods for generating power from coconut shell using pyrolysis. Bio-Oil extracted from pyrolysis process can be used as a fuel for oil burners and in boilers for heat and power applications. Also Bio-oil can be blended at proper proportion with diesel to biodiesel fuel. Hence pyrolysis based fuel extraction techniques are key solution to solve energy shortage in a friendly way using coconut shells.

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“…The water content W compared to the dry matter of the test samples is calculated from the humid mass m 0 and the equilibrium mass m eq in the following formula (1). The moisture ratio (MR) which is the dimensionless equivalent of humidity can be calculated following the formula (2).…”

Section: Mathematical Model Of the Phenomenon Of Diffusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the by-products of the coconuts tree are for the most part thrown away into our environment, thus causing pollution, the populations look non-stop for ways to use them. It is thus the fibers of the trunk and the CS that are exploited in the elaboration of composites [1]; the CS is used in the elaboration of active carbon [2], in decoration, in kitchen utensils and in art objects. Outside of this, a non-negligible quantity of the CS is thrown away into our immediate environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of the Drying Kinetics of the Coconut Shells (Nucifera) of Cameroon

Ndapeu¹,

Njeugna²,

Brogly³

et al. 2013

MSA

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Water diffusion of two species of coconut shells (CS) nucifera from Cameroon, in the case of drying, was experimentally studied. The experiment was done with the aid of an oven, by the method of gravimetric batch control of the mass of the test samples with the temperatures varied from 70˚ to 180˚ Celsius. The shells of mature coconuts from two species were conserved in the laboratory at a temperature ranging between 20˚ and 23˚ Celsius for two months before being mechanically cleaned. This study allows not only the determination of the water content of the shells, but also the identification of the drying model. It is thus from the ten model tests, and the statistical analysis shows that the Midilli model best predicted this drying phenomenon. The coefficient of effective diffusion was determined at different temperatures which permitted the evaluation of the activation energy per the Arrhenius equation.

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Pyrolysis of coconut shells for the manufacture of carbon sorbents

Cited by 7 publications

References 2 publications

Exploring the Economic Potential of Sodium-Ion Batteries

Exploring the Economic Potential of Sodium-Ion Batteries

Bio-Oil from Coconut Shells

Experimental Study of the Drying Kinetics of the Coconut Shells (Nucifera) of Cameroon

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