Pyrolysis-mass spectrometry of whole soils, soil particle-size fractions, litter materials and humic substances: statistical evaluation of sample weight, residue, volatilized matter and total ion intensity

Sorge, C.; Müller, Rolf; Leinweber, Peter; Schulten, H.‐R.

doi:10.1007/bf00321275

Cited by 52 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…For a more detailed insight into SOM composition, the relative abundances of important compound classes were calculated. In comparison to similar data evaluations in former studies [26,34], here we Table 2 Fig . 1 considered ten compound classes, including carbohydrates, phenols+lignin monomers, lignin dimers, lipids (lipids, alkanes, fatty acid, n-alkil esters), alkylaromatics, N-containing compounds (heterocyclic nitrogen compounds), sterols, peptides, suberin and n-fatty acids (16 < n < 34) ( Table 3).…”

Section: Ha Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…The TII thermograms describe the evolution of thermal products and are characteristics of the composition and bonds of the constituents released by the humic macromolecule [18]. Detailed descriptions of the py-FIMS methodology, volatilized matter and total ion intensities have been given by Schulten [32][33], and Sorge et al, [34].…”

Section: Soil Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison between the humic acids characteristics of two andisols of different age by: FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy and py-FIMS

et al. 2012

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Mt Etna (Italy) is the highest, active volcano in Europe. Thanks to the availability of descriptive documents and maps, it is possible to date the formation of several Etna soils.We evaluated the effect of soil formation age on the composition of the soil organic matter (SOM) and humic acids (HAs) from two Etna andisols of different ages but having the same vegetation Finally the HA extracted from old soil contains a lower quantity of aliphatic compounds and a greater quantity of carbohydrate and aromatic molecules than the HA extracted from young soil.

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Section: Ha Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Soil Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison between the humic acids characteristics of two andisols of different age by: FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy and py-FIMS

et al. 2012

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“…Py-FIMS volatilizes 59% of the OC in mineral soils of the world (Sorge et al 1993;Leinweber and Schulten 1995). In our soil, little matter was volatilized and few molecular ions were produced during pyrolysis of microaggregates with old OC (Tables 2 and 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age, turnover and molecular diversity of soil organic matter in aggregates of a Gleysol

Monreal¹,

Schulten²,

Kodama³

1997

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Monreal, C. M., Schulten, H.-R. and Kodama, H. 1997. Age, turnover and molecular diversity of soil organic matter in aggregates of a Gleysol. Can. J. Soil Sci. 77: 379-388. We used an integrated approach to describe soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics through known inorganic and organic components in aggregates of adjacent forested and cultivated Gleysolic soil. Mineral and SOM components were examined in water stable macroaggregates (>250 µm), microaggregates 1 (50-250 µm) and microaggregates 2 (<50 µm) fractions. SOM was characterized by pyrolysis-field ionization mass spectrometry (Py-FIMS), and soil minerals by X-ray diffraction analysis. The mean residence time of organic-C (OC) was determined using radiocarbon dating. OC turnover was determined using the natural abundance of native 13 C and that derived from corn residue. We found that OC in macroaggregates was young (<100 yr), turned over in 14 yr, and consisted of OM typical of that found in tissues of plants and soil organisms. Chemical classes of compounds in macroaggregates consisted mainly of carbohydrates, lignin monomers and phenols, lignin dimers, lipids (alkanes, alkenes, n-alkyl esters), fatty acids, sterols, suberin and aliphatic and aromatic N compounds. The fast turnover time of OC in larger size aggregates supports the hypothesis that the initial decline in SOM after breaking native land is associated with losses of SOM stored in macroaggregates. OC in microaggregates 1 was young (<100 yr) and turned over in 61 yr. OC in microaggregates 2 was old, turned over in 275 yr, and consisted of highly humified macromolecules. Pyrolyzable SOM products representing plant and microbial components like lignin dimers, sterols, suberin and fatty acids were absent from microaggregates 2 containing old OC. The turnover time of OC correlated directly with the amount of smectite and Al extracted with ammonium oxalate, inversely with non-expandable phyllosilicates, and weakly with the total clay content of aggregates. Thermolabile and thermostable molecular components in aggregates indicated degree of association between SOM and clay minerals. Carbohydrates, peptides and alkylaromatics appeared to be less affected by abiotic stabilization reactions. The distribution, allocation and dynamics of soil OC and chemical structures in SOM within aggregate fractions is not well understood. Carbon dynamics were characterized in humic acid fractions, whole soil and particle size fractions (Campbell et al. 1967;Hsieh 1992;Gregorich et al. 1995); kinetically described in simulation models for rapidly cycling (seconds to months) and more stable pools of organic matter (years to thousands of years) (Monreal and McGill 1989;Jenkinson and Rayner 1977;Parton et al. 1987 For personal use only.

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“…It is reasonable to refer this organic matter to residues from the application of digestate. VM and TII, which are indicators of SOM content (Sorge et al, 1993), were larger in BD than in MF and CL before tillage (Table 2). This suggests a tendency to increased SOM content through application of digestate.…”

Section: Pyrolysis-field Ionisation Mass Spectrometry and Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Tillage-induced short-term soil organic matter turnover and respiration

Fiedler

Leinweber

Jurasinski

et al. 2016

SOIL

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Abstract. Tillage induces decomposition and mineralisation of soil organic matter (SOM) by the disruption of macroaggregates and may increase soil CO 2 efflux by respiration, but these processes are not well understood at the molecular level. We sampled three treatments (mineral fertiliser: MF; biogas digestate: BD; unfertilised control: CL) of a Stagnic Luvisol a few hours before and directly after tillage as well as 4 days later from a harvested maize field in northern Germany and investigated these samples by means of pyrolysis-field ionisation mass spectrometry (Py-FIMS) and hot-water extraction. Before tillage, the Py-FIMS mass spectra revealed differences in relative ion intensities of MF and CL compared to BD most likely attributable to the cattle manure used for the biogas feedstock and to relative enrichments during anaerobic fermentation. After tillage, the CO 2 effluxes were increased in all treatments, but this increase was less pronounced in BD. We explain this by restricted availability of readily biodegradable carbon compounds and possibly an inhibitory effect of sterols from digestates. Significant changes in SOM composition were observed following tillage. In particular, lignin decomposition and increased proportions of N-containing compounds were detected in BD. In MF, lipid proportions increased at the expense of ammonia, ammonium, carbohydrates and peptides, indicating enhanced microbial activity. SOM composition in CL was unaffected by tillage. Our analyses provide strong evidence for significant short-term SOM changes due to tillage in fertilised soils.

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Pyrolysis-mass spectrometry of whole soils, soil particle-size fractions, litter materials and humic substances: statistical evaluation of sample weight, residue, volatilized matter and total ion intensity

Cited by 52 publications

References 23 publications

Comparison between the humic acids characteristics of two andisols of different age by: FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy and py-FIMS

Comparison between the humic acids characteristics of two andisols of different age by: FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy and py-FIMS

Age, turnover and molecular diversity of soil organic matter in aggregates of a Gleysol

Tillage-induced short-term soil organic matter turnover and respiration

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