Pyrolysis behaviors of rice straw, rice husk, and corncob by TG-MS technique

Studies on pyrolysis of wheat straw residues from ethanol production by solid-state fermentation

“…The results of the elemental analysis are summarized in Table 2. It provides the evidence to support the pyrolysis mechanisms of two-reaction model [24,25]. The C/H atomic ratios measured in the solid residues ranged from an initial 0.56 in the dry sample to a maximum of 1.51 at 450 8C.…”

Catalytic Stepwise Pyrolysis of Technical Lignin

“…According to the molar ratio of the elements C, H, and O, the molecular formula of the lignin was C9H12.339O3.697. Compared with the elemental composition of corncob (Worasuwannarak et al 2007), the content of carbon increased, while the oxygen content decreased in this technical lignin. From the results of elemental analysis, we calculated the effective hydrogen-to-carbon ratio (H/Ceff) defined by Chen et al (1986) with the following equation (1), where H, C, and O were the moles of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen, respectively.…”

“…The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of the lignin was determined to be 3260 g/mol with a polydispersity (Mw/Mn) of 1.44. Worasuwannarak et al (2007).…”

Analytical Techniques as a Tool to Understand the Reaction Mechanism

“…It is well known that the catalytic effect depends on the amount of alkali ions since the herbaceous samples of high inorganic contents produce much higher char yield than the wood samples of low ash content [61,[97][98][99][100]. The effect of alkali ion concentration has been studied in detail on the thermal decomposition of hemp by Sebestyén et al [101] Fig.…”