Pyrolysis and combustion of oil palm stone and palm kernel cake in fixed-bed reactors

Self-sustained carbonization of oil palm biomass produced an acceptable heating value charcoal with low gaseous emission

“…This is in agreement with the study by Adam (2009) where no emission of SO 2 and HCl were reported. Razuan et al (2010) also reported that SO 2 and HCl concentrations were lower than 0.05 ppm under controlled temperature and exhaust gas flow rate. In this study, the NO, NO x , SO 2 and HCl values were much lower than permitted level limits of air pollution emissions for incineration of municipal solid wastes (MSW) at 300 mg/m 3 set by Department of Environment (DOE), Malaysia (DOE, 2000).…”

Characteristics of Particulate Emission from a Biomass Fired Boiler

“…Each type of biomass has some distinct properties that determine its performance as a fuel (Razuan et al, 2010). Biomass production and utilization is growing considerably and play a very important role in the future world energy balance especially in the current fuel and economic crisis.…”

Pyrolysis of oil-plant wastes in a TGA and a fixed-bed reactor: Thermochemical behaviors, kinetics, and products characterization

“…During the pyrolysis of oil-palm solid wastes, chars (Guo and Lua, 2002), liquid bio-oils (Sukiran et al, 2009), and H 2 -rich gases (Yang et al, 2006) were produced and characterized, showing a potential to recover energy from raw biomass. According to Razuan et al (2010), the thermal properties of oil palm stone and palm kernel cake were deeply investigated in fixed-bed reactors. The results indicated that the main pyrolysis gases at low temperatures were CO and CO 2 , while hydrogen and other hydrocarbon gases (C 1 AC 3 ) in the high temperature region.…”