Pyrolysis and combustion of liquids and solids containing pentachlorophenol

Identification of polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxin, dibenzofuran, and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyl sources in Tokyo Bay, Japan

“…Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and biphenyls (PCBs) constitute a group of persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic contaminants in the environment. Several PCDDs and PCDFs (PCDD/Fs) and coplanar PCBs (co-PCBs) have been shown to cause toxic responses similar to those caused by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzop-dioxin (2,3,7,, the most potent congener within these groups of compounds. These toxic responses include dermal toxicity, immunotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and adverse effects on reproduction, development, and endocrine functions [1].…”

“…Olie et al [2] first found PCDD/Fs in fly ash and flue gas of some municipal incinerators in The Netherlands in 1977. Since then, many PCDD/F sources have been identified, and these can generally be divided into three categories [3]: Industrial processes [4–6], thermal processes [7–9], and secondary sources or reservoirs. The contribution of dioxins from different sources is a topic of intense discussion.…”

Polychlorinated‐dibenzo‐p‐dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in dated environmental samples, and their connection to known sources

“…Another possibility is that the PnCP-related PCDD/F is emitted together with combustion emissions. In certain combustion situations there can occur thermal dechlorination of higher-chlorinated PCDD congeners [8,9]. An unintended cause of dechlorination is that the relative toxicity of 2,3,7,8-substituted congener of PCDDs will increase by about one decade for every lost chlorine.…”

“…A significant path of secondary PCDD/F formation, also including other chlorinated aromatics, is thermal processes, i.e. combustion and especially incomplete or pyrolytic combustion (poor combustion conditions) [8,9]. Other contaminants in chlorinated phenols such as polychlorinated biphenyl ethers and polychlorinated-2'-hydroxyl-biphenyl ethers, are also precursors of PCDD/F.…”

In-situ generated H2O2 induced efficient visible light photo-electrochemical catalytic oxidation of PCP-Na with TiO2

“…It is an environment precursor even for generating dioxins of polychlorinated http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.02.024 0304-3894/© 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) [2,3]. Hence, PCP-Na has been classified as one of the priority contaminants in the USA, European Union, and China owing to its mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and adverse ecosystem effects [4,5].…”