Pyrolysis and biochar potential using crop residues and agricultural wastes in China

Kung, Chih-Chun; Kong, Fanyu; Choi, Yongrok

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.06.043

Cited by 81 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…A higher CO 2 indicates the greater degradation of cellulosic and hemicellulosic contents, whereas CH 4 and CO are a result of the secondary cracking of volatiles released from the process [23]. The variation in CO 2 , CO, CH 4 and H 2 during the test runs (Fig. 8) and overall gaseous production (Table 5) agrees with the data given by other authors [25].…”

Section: Emissions Of the Main Organic Components Were Measured With supporting

confidence: 81%

“…Pyrolysis gas consisted mainly of CO 2 , CO, CH 4 , with minor amounts of acetic acid, methanol, furfural, acetaldehyde, ethanol, and traces of H 2 , SO 2 , HCl, ethene, acetylene, ethane, propane, formaldehyde, propene, carbonyl sulphide (COS), lactic acid, formic acid, propanal, hydroxymethylfural (HMF) ( Table 5). …”

Section: Gas Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Austria, crop residues are used both to increase organic carbon content in top-soil [2] and for production of biofuels [3]. Pyrolysis, which is one of the most widely used thermo-chemical conversion technologies, refers to the thermal decomposition of organic components in biomass in an inert gas atmosphere, at medium temperature, for the production of biochar and condensable and non-condensable components (including water, highly oxygenated bio-oil, and synthesized gas) [4]. Biochar is the porous carbonaceous solid product of pyrolysis or incomplete combustion of organic materials [5], is similar to charcoal but is exclusively where its production is intended for agricultural and biological activities [6] [7] and/or environmental applications [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Characterization of biochars produced from pyrolysis of pelletized agricultural residues

Colantoni

Evic

Lord

et al. 2016

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

124

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Section: Emissions Of the Main Organic Components Were Measured With supporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Gas Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Characterization of biochars produced from pyrolysis of pelletized agricultural residues

Colantoni

Evic

Lord

et al. 2016

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The JASM is a multi-product partial equilibrium model based on previous works (Burton and Martin 1987;Chang et al 1992;Coble et al 1992;Kung et al 2014a, b). This empirical structure has been adapted in many policy-related studies such as those of Chang (2002), Chen and Chang (2005) and Kung et al (2015). The current version of JASM accommodates more than 80 commodities in 11 sub-regions and simulates market operations under assumptions of perfect competition where individual producers and consumers are price-takers.…”

Section: Model Specificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An environmental and economic evaluation of carbon sequestration from pyrolysis and biochar application in China

Cao¹,

Kung²,

Wang³

2017

Agric. Econ. - Czech

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Sustainable development is an important issue currently facing the world and is concerned with the continuous and stable availability of visible and invisible resources across generations. Fossil fuels are typical non-renewable resources and modern civilizations have been largely dependent on their utilisation. Over-exploitation of fossil fuels not only reduces their availability for subsequent generations but also intensifies the greenhouse gas (GHG) effect, which increases the occurrence of extreme climatic events and results in negative effects for both current and future generations (McCarl et al. 2000;Chang 2002).Many countries, including China, have been engaged in research aimed at the development of renewable and low-carbon energy sources to replace fossil fuels. Solar energy, hydro power and bioenergy are qualified candidates, but bioenergy may be the most attractive option for China because it is an agricultural country and more than half a billion of the population are still engaged in agricultural-related sectors, implying that the vast resources of land and substantial labour force could be harnessed for the bioenergy industry. However, emphasis is not being put on bioenergy in most agricultural regions as local governments do not have enough information to allow them to make informed decisions regarding different energy crops and bioenergy technologies. Other factors that influence the production of bioenergy include the price volatility of energy, GHG emissions, farmers' willingness to participate in energy crop plantation, land-use changes and emission reductions. To provide more information about how energy crops and bio- Abstract:In the past decade, China has more than doubled its consumption of fossil fuels resulting in the emission of substantial amounts of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), which are considered to be the main cause of climate change. To mitigate climate change and ensure the continued survival of life on earth, the current level of CO 2R emissions must be cut. Th is study establishes a price endogenous mathematical programming (Jiangxi Agricultural Sector Model) and incorporates bioenergy technologies such as ethanol, conventional co-fi ring and pyrolysis to examine how an agricultural province may contribute to bioenergy development and carbon sequestration. Th e results indicate that under moderate energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) prices, net electricity generation reaches 6.5 billion kWh annually. Net emission reduction is aff ected by market operations. At high GHG prices, pyrolysis and biochar application can sequester up to 4.74 million tons of CO 2R emissions annually. However, this measure fl uctuates signifi cantly when GHG prices vary. Our study shows that pyrolysis and biochar application provide signifi cant environmental eff ects in terms of carbon sequestration.

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“…Chen et al [19] give a case study for Poyang Lake to discuss the sustainable land use and economic development. Other related research focuses on either biochar utilization [20,21] or forest protection [22] in Poyang Lake Eco-Economic Zone. However, empirical study on the economic influence of Poyang Lake Eco-Economic Zone on agricultural productivity is still lacking.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Did the Establishment of Poyang Lake Eco-Economic Zone Increase Agricultural Labor Productivity in Jiangxi Province, China?

Wang

2015

Sustainability

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Abstract:In this paper, we take the establishment of Poyang Lake Eco-Economic Zone in 2009 as a quasi-natural experiment, to evaluate its influence on the agricultural labor productivity in Jiangxi Province, China. The estimation results of the DID method show that the establishment of the zone reduced agricultural labor productivity by 3.1%, lowering farmers' net income by 2.5% and reducing the agricultural GDP by 3.6%. Furthermore, this negative effect has increased year after year since 2009. However, the heterogeneity analysis implies that the agricultural labor productivities of all cities in Jiangxi Province will ultimately converge. We find that the lack of agricultural R&D activities and the abuse of chemical fertilizers may be the main reasons behind the negative influence of the policy, by examining two possible transmission channels-the R&D investment and technological substitution. Corresponding policy implications are also provided.

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Pyrolysis and biochar potential using crop residues and agricultural wastes in China

Cited by 81 publications

References 35 publications

Characterization of biochars produced from pyrolysis of pelletized agricultural residues

Characterization of biochars produced from pyrolysis of pelletized agricultural residues

An environmental and economic evaluation of carbon sequestration from pyrolysis and biochar application in China

Did the Establishment of Poyang Lake Eco-Economic Zone Increase Agricultural Labor Productivity in Jiangxi Province, China?

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