Pyridinium functionalized, 2-adamantane containing poly(aryl ether ketone) membranes for use in vanadium redox flow batteries

Zhang, Bengui; Wang, Feifei; Guan, Shanshan; Zhao, Minghui; Zhang, Enlei; Wang, Guosheng; Zhang, Zhigang; Liu, Xinqi; Zhang, Shouhai

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.229011

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…[23] Ther igid and hydrophobic adamantane group effectively stiffened the polymer backbone,a sc onfirmed by the improved glass transition temperature (T g ), and suppressed the swelling ratio to lower than 16 %with ahigh ion exchange capacity (IEC) of 2.07 mmol g À1 (Table 1), thus improving the membrane selectivity and stability.T of urther improve the membrane stability,t he same research group replace the quaternary ammonium groups by pyridium groups with lower hydrophilicity,a ffording Py2-ADMPEK (Figure 2). [24] Differently,Lee,Hong, and co-workers chose to remove the flexible linkage groups,a ffording ether-free random copolymers (QPPP-w and IMPPP-w in Figure 2) for VRFBs. [25] Theh igh rigidity of the backbone reduced the chain mobility.I ts uppressed excessive membrane swelling and interrupted the development of aw ell-defined microphase-separated morphology,both of which are advantageous for vanadium prevention, and improving membrane stability.…”

Section: Molecular Design Of Backbonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Chemistry and Microstructure Perspective on Ion‐Conducting Membranes for Redox Flow Batteries

et al. 2021

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Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are among the most promising grid‐scale energy storage technologies. However, the development of RFBs with high round‐trip efficiency, high rate capability, and long cycle life for practical applications is highly restricted by the lack of appropriate ion‐conducting membranes. Promising RFB membranes should separate positive and negative species completely and conduct balancing ions smoothly. Specific systems must meet additional requirements, such as high chemical stability in corrosive electrolytes, good resistance to organic solvents in nonaqueous systems, and excellent mechanical strength and flexibility. These rigorous requirements put high demands on the membrane design, essentially the chemistry and microstructure associated with ion transport channels. In this Review, we summarize the design rationale of recently reported RFB membranes at the molecular level, with an emphasis on new chemistry, novel microstructures, and innovative fabrication strategies. Future challenges and potential research opportunities within this field are also discussed.

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Section: Molecular Design Of Backbonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Chemistry and Microstructure Perspective on Ion‐Conducting Membranes for Redox Flow Batteries

et al. 2021

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“…Our reported studies showed that introducing bulky, strongly hydrophobic adamantane into a polymer backbone could obtain a rigid hydrophobic backbone. Consequently, adamantane-containing membranes with significantly reduced swelling and impressively enhanced membrane stability were obtained for VFBs. − , Therefore, developing new membrane materials based on the bulky, rigid structural unit-containing polymer is promising for high-performance membranes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, adamantane-containing membranes with significantly reduced swelling and impressively enhanced membrane stability were obtained for VFBs. [31][32][33][34][35]37 Therefore, developing new membrane materials based on the bulky, rigid structural unit-containing polymer is promising for highperformance membranes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swelling-Induced Quaternized Anthrone-Containing Poly(aryl ether ketone) Membranes with Low Area Resistance and High Ion Selectivity for Vanadium Flow Batteries

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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A vanadium flow battery (VFB) is one of the most promising electrochemical energy storage technologies. However, membranes for VFBs still suffer from high cost or low conductivity and poor stability. Here, we report new quaternized anthrone-containing poly(aryl ether ketone) (QAnPEK) membranes for VFBs. QAnPEK membranes with moderate ion exchange capacity (1.26 mmol g–1) were swelling-induced in H3PO4 (50 wt %) to form wider ion transport pathways that significantly enhanced membrane conductivity (e.g., 0.49 Ω cm2 for the QAnPEK-virgin membrane and 0.12 Ω cm2 for the swelling-induced QAnPEK-90 membrane). The bulky rigid anthrone-containing backbone provided high swelling resistance and enabled QAnPEK membranes to have high ion selectivity. As a result, QAnPEK membranes displayed low area resistance, high ion selectivity, and robust mechanical strength. The QAnPEK-90 membrane yielded excellent energy efficiencies (92.4% at 80 mA cm–2, 85.1% at 200 mA cm–2, and 80.3% at 280 mA cm–2). Moreover, QAnPEK membranes exhibited outstanding in situ and ex situ stability, for example, the VFB with the QAnPEK-40 membrane demonstrated highly stable battery performance for 3000 cycles at 160 mA cm–2. QAnPEK membranes are attractive candidates for VFB application.

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“…ILs are highly preferred to other chemical demulsifiers because of their unique characteristics, such as moderate ionic conductivity, lower vapor pressure, high chemical stability, and lower flammability . Numerous studies elucidating the effectiveness of ILs for demulsification activity of water/oil separation have been reported in the literature. − Pyridinium is a new class of ILs with unique features and has been tested for many scientific applications. − Specifically, pyridinium ILs are attracting considerable attention as demulsifying chemicals for stable emulsions. Recently, Atta et al synthesized novel geminal dicationic ILs composed of pyridinium and imidazolium cations for the purpose of demulsifying heavy emulsions produced from seawater and crude oil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demulsification of Heavy Petroleum Emulsion Using Pyridinium Ionic Liquids with Distinct Anion Branching

et al. 2021

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The challenges associated with heavy crude oil emulsions during hydrocarbon exploitation cannot be overemphasized. As such, water/crude oil separation in oil fields becomes necessary before conveyance to the refinery. In this study, we investigated new classes of pyridinium ionic liquids (ILs) demulsifiers, 1-butyl-4-methylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate, 1-butyl-4-methylpyridinium hexafluorophosphate, and 1-butyl-4-methylpyridinium iodide, designated as BMPT, BMPH, and BMPI, with unique anions (BF4 –, PF6 –, and I–), respectively. The effects of concentration dosages (100–1000 ppm) and anions of these ILs on the demulsification of produced emulsions were assessed using the bottle test technique at 75 °C. Viscosity and shear stress determination as well as interfacial tension (IFT) measurements were applied to affirm the effectiveness of these ILs to separate water/oil into phases. Bottle test results revealed that BMPT, BMPH, and BMPI demulsifiers removed water from the emulsion effectively, and the demulsification efficiency (% DE) increased with increasing dosage. BMPT, BMPH, and BMPI achieved the best % DE of 84%, 99%, and 59%, respectively, at 1000 ppm after 60 min. The highest water separation was recorded in PF6 – anion because of its high hydrophobic nature. Viscosity and shear stress time-sweep measurements indicated the reduction in viscosities and shear stresses after injection of the demulsifiers. Also, the dynamic IFT results showed that these demulsifiers could mix with water–oil at the interface, break asphaltenes and resins molecules, and reduced the IFT from 16.01 to 12.47 mN/m. Optical microscopic emulsion images before and after demulsifier injection and the demulsification mechanism describing the water/oil separation stages are also discussed.

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Pyridinium functionalized, 2-adamantane containing poly(aryl ether ketone) membranes for use in vanadium redox flow batteries

Cited by 23 publications

References 48 publications

A Chemistry and Microstructure Perspective on Ion‐Conducting Membranes for Redox Flow Batteries

A Chemistry and Microstructure Perspective on Ion‐Conducting Membranes for Redox Flow Batteries

Swelling-Induced Quaternized Anthrone-Containing Poly(aryl ether ketone) Membranes with Low Area Resistance and High Ion Selectivity for Vanadium Flow Batteries

Demulsification of Heavy Petroleum Emulsion Using Pyridinium Ionic Liquids with Distinct Anion Branching

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