Pyrethroid concentrations and persistence following indoor application

Abstract

Residential indoor environments are potential sources of exposure to pyrethroids, which have low acute toxicity to humans but are allergenic and suspected endocrine disruptors. The present study evaluated the persistence of the pyrethroids cypermethrin and beta-cyfluthrin on indoor surfaces and in house dust. Cypermethrin and beta-cyfluthrin were applied and maintained on aluminum foils and in dust samples for 112 d under controlled conditions and for 12 mo in a test house; periodically, they were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. Cypermethrin and beta-cyfluthrin concentrations showed decreases of 10.1% and 7.7% on aluminum foils, and 12.7% and 16.4% in dust, respectively, at 112 d under controlled conditions. In the test house, cypermethrin and beta-cyfluthrin concentrations decreased by 40.3% and 60.2% on aluminum foils, and 29.6% and 56.2% in dust at the end of the study. The results show the considerable persistence of cypermethrin and beta-cyfluthrin indoors and indicate the risk of exposure to these products. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2895-2898. © 2017 SETAC.

SPME‐GC/MS Analysis of Volatile Compounds Contained in the Insect Larvae of Tenebrio molitor and Leptinotarsa decemlineata before and after Using Insecticides

“…The second insecticide used was K‐othrine (1.0 %), which contains deltamethrin C 22 H 19 Br 2 NO 3 as the active substance. Cyfluthrin and deltamethrin are soluble in organic solvents . These are synthetic compounds classified as pyrethroids.…”

Inhalation of publicly available indoor insecticide spray caused myocardial infarction type II: a case report

“…Both pyrethroids (cypermethrin and tetramethrin) may irritate the mucosa of the respiratory tract, and inhalative resorption 27 and association with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are possible 28 . Notably, cypermethrin persisted in high concentrations on surfaces and in dust samples for more than 112 days after indoor application 29 …”

Filling gaps between exposure modeling and the analysis of urinary biomarkers using personal air monitoring: An intervention study of permethrin used in home insecticide spray

“…Many previous studies have reported the persistence of pyrethroids in indoor environments and their tendency to be deposited onto various indoor materials (furniture, dust, etc.). 14,20 Because it is often not feasible to account for variability in these processes, 48,49 including indoor air models, breathing zone air monitoring should be a good alternative to reflect complicated exposure conditions.…”