Pyodermitis

Abstract

Pyodermitis are primary skin infections mainly caused by pyogenic bacteria of the Staphylococcus and Streptococcus genera. They are relatively common diseases that affect adults and children. There have been frequent reports of bacterial resistance to the recommended antibiotics over the last few years; however, new substances are in use or under development, and this represents an evolution in the treatment of pyodermitis. This review aims at describing clinical, diagnostic and therapeutical features of major pyodermitis: impetigo, ecthyma, erysipelas, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome and folliculitis. Keywords: Bacterial infections; Review; Staphylococcus; Streptococcus; Skin infections staphylococcal Resumo: As piodermites são infecções cutâneas primárias originadas principalmente por bactérias piogênicas dos gêneros Staphylococcus e Streptococcus. Tratam-se de doenças relativamente comuns, que acometem adultos e crianças. Nos últimos anos há relatos freqüentes de resistência bacteriana aos antibióticos preconizados, no entanto, novas substâncias estão em uso ou mesmo em desenvolvimento, o que representa uma evolução na terapia das piodermites. Esta revisão tem como objetivo descrever aspectos clínicos, diagnósticos e terapêuticos das principais Piodermites: impetigo, ectima, erisipela, síndrome da pele escaldada estafilocócica e foliculites.

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“…Disturbances of skin integrity, however, allow infections to occur. [1][2][3][4][5] Bacterial infections of the skin and subcutaneous cell tissue are especially common in children and tropical regions, ranging clinically from a superficial infection (such as folliculitis) to a deeper infection (such as necrotizing fasciitis). 4,5 The most common etiological agents are staphylococci and streptococci, although other Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria may also be involved.…”

“…3,10 Regional lymphadenopathy may be present in some cases. 1,11 Infection or asymptomatic colonization of caregivers considerably increases the occurrence of impetigo in neonates, increasing morbidity and mortality, prolonging hospitalization and burdening health services. 7 Non-bullous or contagious impetigo presents with fragile and small vesicles and pustules that rupture and dry, giving rise to tightly adhered pustular and melicic crusts (Figures 1 & 2).…”

“…if the name of impetiginization. 1,10,11 Complication with fungal or gram-negative infection may occur. 3,12 Figure 1 Bullous lesions with halo erythematosus in the anterior thorax of a patient with impetigo.…”

“…About 85% of cases of non-bullous impetigo are associated with Staphylococcus aureus infection. 1,10,11 Group A streptococci can be identified in up to 30% of lesions, 11 being more common in early lesions. 12 groups B, C, G and F are rarely found.…”

Infecções bacterianas primárias da pele: perfil dos casos atendidos em um serviço de dermatologia na Região Amazônica, Brasil

“…Além disso, sabe-se que sua frequência está relacionada a fatores ambientais; a fatores individuais, dentre os quais incluem-se aqueles relacionados à baixa resistência imunológica, como na dermatite atópica 4 e diabetes mellitus; à falta de higiene; à predisposição genética; e, também, a fatores relacionados ao grau de virulência e patogenicidade do micro-organismo 5 , sendo também a principal complicacão de tratamentos com corticoides e imunossupressores 6,7 .…”