PVA/KGM dual network hydrogels doped with carbon nanotube-collagen corona as flexible sensors for human motion monitoring

Abstract

Hydrogel strain sensors with features such as frost resistance, high biocompatibility, and stability have shown irreplaceable advantages in many fields. Here, a “part assembly” strategy is proposed, where carbon nanotubes...

Synthesis of a PNIPAM-Based Composite Hydrogel and Its Multipurpose Applications in Piezoresistive and Temperature Sensing

“…However, when the data at the beginning and end of the test are selected and amplified, the sensor still displays regular and stable electrical signals, confirming its good repeatability. To verify the performance of the as-prepared hydrogel, we compared it with other recent works, − in which the reported hydrogel composites can generally maintain cycling stability from just 100 to 300 cycles, demonstrating the better mechanical performance of the PCP@M hydrogel. However, compared with other nonaqueous gel systems, for example, Chen worked with organogels and easily achieved up to 3000 stable cycles; therefore, our work still needs to be further improved.…”

Multifunctional Biomimetic e-Skin Constructed In Situ on Tanned Sheep Leather as a Multimodal Sensor for the Monitoring of Motion and Health

“…23 Cao et al developed a collagen/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/KGM hydrogel as a flexible sensor with moderate mechanical properties (226% tensile strain and 1.9 MPa fracture stress), but it was not suitable for human e-skin applications due to factors like adhesion ability, antibacterial characteristics, and biocompatibility issues. 24 In contrast, the "top-down" preparation strategy involved the utilization of natural animal skin directly as a load-bearing carrier that possesses a woven network of collagen fibers along with introducing a polymer cross-linked network within its dense 3D frame structure while incorporating other functional materials onto it. This skin-based conductive hydrogel not only had the inherent advantages of natural animal skin substrates but also had mechanical flexibility and biological functions, thus meeting the pursuit of e-skin to simulate human skin.…”

“…For instance, Zhang et al’s MXene/collagen/acrylic acid hydrogel exhibited weak mechanical properties with only 211.5 kPa tensile stress and 90.7% strain . Cao et al developed a collagen/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/KGM hydrogel as a flexible sensor with moderate mechanical properties (226% tensile strain and 1.9 MPa fracture stress), but it was not suitable for human e-skin applications due to factors like adhesion ability, antibacterial characteristics, and biocompatibility issues . In contrast, the “top-down” preparation strategy involved the utilization of natural animal skin directly as a load-bearing carrier that possesses a woven network of collagen fibers along with introducing a polymer cross-linked network within its dense 3D frame structure while incorporating other functional materials onto it.…”