Putative target sites in synganglion for novel ixodid tick control strategies

Waldman, Jéssica; Klafke, Guilherme Marcondes; Tirloni, Lucas; Logullo, Carlos; Vaz, Itabajara da Silva

doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2023.102123

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 234 publications

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“…The tick’s central nervous system (CNS), known as the synganglion, plays a pivotal role in synthesizing and releasing signaling molecules that regulate tick behavior and physiology [ 37 ]. Our study indicates LGTV’s infection in the synganglion of H. longicornis , consistent with previous findings that LGTV GFP can infect and replicate in synganglion culture ex vivo [ 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Vector Competence of Asian Longhorned Ticks in Langat Virus Transmission

Xu,

Wang

2024

Viruses

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Haemaphysalis longicornis (the longhorned tick), the predominant tick species in China, serves as a vector for a variety of pathogens, and is capable of transmitting the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), the causative agent of tick-borne encephalitis. However, it is unclear how these ticks transmit TBEV. Langat virus (LGTV), which has a reduced pathogenicity in humans, has been used as a surrogate for TBEV. In this study, we aimed to investigate the vector competence of H. longicornis to transmit LGTV and demonstrate the efficient acquisition and transmission of LGTV between this tick species and mice. LGTV localization was detected in several tick tissues, such as the midgut, salivary glands, and synganglion, using quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical staining with a polyclonal antibody targeting the LGTV envelope protein. We demonstrated the horizontal transmission of LGTV to different developmental stages within the same generation but did not see evidence of vertical transmission. It was interesting to note that we observed mice acting as a bridge, facilitating the transmission of LGTV to neighboring naïve ticks during blood feeding. In conclusion, the virus–vector–host model employed in this study provides valuable insights into the replication and transmission of LGTV throughout its life cycle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Vector Competence of Asian Longhorned Ticks in Langat Virus Transmission

Xu,

Wang

2024

Viruses

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“…To improve vaccine efficacy, posttranslational modifications such as alpha-gal have also been considered to improve vaccine efficacy (Hodžić et al, 2020). Moreover, characterization of tick-host-pathogen interactions, immune protective and acaricide-resistance mechanisms (Bhowmick and Han, 2020;Bishop et al, 2023;Waldman et al, 2023), transgenesis and paratransgenesis for the genetic manipulation of commensal bacteria and ticks (Sharma et al, 2022;Mazuecos et al 2023a;de la Fuente et al, 2023b) and combination of vaccines with other interventions such as natural plant and animal-derived compounds and cultural practices among other interventions (Showler and Saelao, 2022) were considered as possible alternatives. International collaborations with regions with high incidence of tick infestations and TBD (Estrada-Peña and de la Fuente, 2023), personalized medicine approach based on regional, tick species/strains and host-driven variables (Kasaija et al, 2020) are also proposed for sustainable management of the relevant vector.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of tick vaccinology

de la Fuente,

Ghosh

2024

Parasitology

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Ticks represent a major concern for society worldwide. Ticks are also difficult to control, and vaccines represent the most efficacious, safe, economically feasible and environmentally sustainable intervention. The evolution of tick vaccinology has been driven by multiple challenges such as (1) Ticks are difficult to control, (2) Vaccines control tick infestations by reducing ectoparasite fitness and reproduction, (3) Vaccine efficacy against multiple tick species, (4) Impact of tick strain genetic diversity on vaccine efficacy, (5) Antigen combination to improve vaccine efficacy, (6) Vaccine formulations and delivery platforms and (7) Combination of vaccines with transgenesis and paratransgenesis. Tick vaccine antigens evolved from organ protein extracts to recombinant proteins to chimera designed by vaccinomics and quantum vaccinomics. Future directions will advance in these areas together with other novel technologies such as multiomics, AI and Big Data, mRNA vaccines, microbiota-driven probiotics and vaccines, and combination of vaccines with other interventions in collaboration with regions with high incidence of tick infestations and tick-borne diseases for a personalized medicine approach.

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“…Ixodes species are three-host ticks in common and biotic and abiotic conditions dictate wherever they may thrive. On-host feeding periods are brief in comparison to off-host periods, which include genetically designed diapause or quiescence due to adverse environment (Waldman et al 2023). Temperature, humidity and day length are all abiotic elements that influence tick physiology, influencing host seeking phenology, egg hatching success, and immature and adult overwintering.…”

Section: Tick Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Lyme Disease: Etiology, Transmission, Impact and Control

2023

IJAB

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Lyme disease is an infection caused by bacteria known as Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, is the most widespread vector-borne disease in the United States, and transmitted to human beings through the bite of Ixodes tick. However, significant portion (10-30%) individuals may experience ancillary nonspecific symptoms that last months after the completion of therapy. The group of symptoms known as post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS), a form of the more general term "chronic Lyme disease," includes tiredness, cognitive impairment, and musculoskeletal discomfort. These symptoms are linked to disability and last longer than six months. Patients with nonspecific symptoms assumed to be caused by a supposed persistent Borrelia burgdorferi infection and may or may not exhibit signs of Lyme disease are referred to as having chronic Lyme disease. The diagnosis of PTLDS and chronic Lyme disease has become more and more important in immunologists' practices because it is difficult to diagnose. ELISA and western blot testing are useful in diagnosing Lyme disease. The cornerstone of care is still antibiotic therapy. This chapter reviews the evidence that supports current understanding of the life cycle, historical biogeography, and evolution of Ixodes spp., the ticks that carry the Lyme disease, as well as their methods of dispersal, and disease-transmission mechanisms, and the efficacy of vector control interventions.

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Putative target sites in synganglion for novel ixodid tick control strategies

Cited by 6 publications

References 234 publications

The Vector Competence of Asian Longhorned Ticks in Langat Virus Transmission

The Vector Competence of Asian Longhorned Ticks in Langat Virus Transmission

Evolution of tick vaccinology

Lyme Disease: Etiology, Transmission, Impact and Control

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