Putative serotonergic bipolar and amacrine cells in the chicken retina

Millar, Thomas J.; Winder, C. L.; Ishimoto, Ichiro; Morgan, Ian G.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(88)91463-1

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Serotonin immunoreactivity was present in sparsely distributed amacrine cells, with cell bodies located near the middle of the INL and neurites ramifying in strata at 0-15% and 65-85% IPL depth, as well as some weakly immunoreactive bipolar cells (Fig. 4e), as described previously (Millar et al, 1988). After exposure to NMDA, most serotonin-IR amacrine cells (73.6 Ϯ 25.0%; n ϭ 6) were undetectable, and the density of serotonin-IR processes within the IPL was severely reduced (Fig.…”

Section: Nmda-and Qa-induced Changes In Other Amacrine Cell Markersmentioning

confidence: 79%

Immunocytochemical characterization of quisqualic acid- and N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced excitotoxicity in the retina of chicks

et al. 1998

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A single, large dose of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) or quisqualic acid (QA) injected into the chick eye has been shown previously to destroy many retinal amacrine cells and to induce excessive ocular growth accompanied by myopia. The purpose of this study was to identify distinct populations of retinal cells, particularly those believed to be involved in regulating ocular growth, that are sensitive to NMDA or QA. Two pmol of NMDA or 0.2 micromol of QA were injected unilaterally into eyes of 7-day-old chicks, and retinas were prepared for observation 1, 3, or 7 days later. Retinal neurons were identified by using immunocytochemistry, and cells containing fragmented DNA were identified by 3'-nick-end labelling in frozen sections. NMDA and QA destroyed many amacrine cells, including those immunoreactive for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, Met-enkephalin, and choline acetyltransferase, but they had little effect upon tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive cells. Other cells affected by both QA and NMDA included those immunoreactive for glutamic acid decarboxylase, gamma-aminobutyric acid, parvalbumin, serotonin, and aminohydroxy methylisoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunits GluR1 and GluR2/3. Cells largely unaffected by QA or NMDA included bipolar cells immunoreactive for protein kinase C (alpha and beta isoforms) and amacrine cells immunoreactive for glucagon. DNA fragmentation was detected maximally in many amacrine cells and in some bipolar cells 1 day after exposure to QA or NMDA. We propose that excitotoxicity caused by QA and NMDA induces apoptosis in specific populations of amacrine cells and that these actions are responsible for the ocular growth-specific effects of QA and NMDA reported elsewhere.

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Section: Nmda-and Qa-induced Changes In Other Amacrine Cell Markersmentioning

confidence: 79%

Immunocytochemical characterization of quisqualic acid- and N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced excitotoxicity in the retina of chicks

et al. 1998

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“…However, some amacrine cells exhibit acetylcholine-and serotoninlike immunoreactivity (Millar, Winder, Ishimoto & Morgan, 1988;Dann, 1989). Bipolar cells represent the single largest source of presynaptic elements to amacrine cells (Wong-Riley, 1974), but there are amacrine-to-amacrine cell synapses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two types of glutamate receptors differentially excite amacrine cells in the tiger salamander retina.

Dixon

Copenhagen

1992

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Excitatory inputs to amacrine cells in the salamander retinal slice preparation were examined using whole-cell patch pipette voltage-clamp techniques. In strychnine (500 nm) and bicuculline (100 /1M), two types of amacrine cell were easily distinguished by their light-evoked excitatory responses: transient and sustained.2. In transient amacrine cells the current-voltage (I-V) relation for the peak lightevoked current was non-linear with a negative slope region between -50 and -70 mV. Responses reversed near + 10 mV and were prolonged at more positive holding potentials.3. In DL-2-amino-phosphonoheptanoate (AP7, 30 ftM), a selective N-methyl-Daspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, both the negatively sloped region of the light I-V relation and the prolongation of the response at positive potentials were eliminated. In 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX, 2 /tM), a selective non-NMDA receptor antagonist, light-evoked currents at the most hyperpolarized holding potentials were eliminated. At potentials positive to -85 mV the lightevoked currents lacked a fast onset. The light I-V relation in CNQX had a negative slope region between -35 and -80 mV.

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“…Different species of fishes, frogs, reptiles, and birds have been found to possess relatively large quantities of retinal 5-HT [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. In these species, 5-HT-containing neurons have been demonstrated by histofluorescence [5,9] as well as by immunocytochemistry with antibodies raised against 5-HT [3,4,5,6,8,10,11]. In birds, both catabolic [12] and synthetic [13] enzymes, as well as specific mechanisms for 5-HT uptake [6,14] and release [6] have been identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In birds, both catabolic [12] and synthetic [13] enzymes, as well as specific mechanisms for 5-HT uptake [6,14] and release [6] have been identified. In addition, the avian retina contains a significant amount of endogenous 5-HT [1,2,5,6,7,8] which has been localized within subpopulations of bipolar, amacrine, and ganglion cells, as well as within different laminae of the inner plexiform layer [5,6,8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies in birds have demonstrated that intravitreal injections of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT) selectively destroy 5-HT-containing amacrine cells [5] and drastically decrease the 5-HT content in the retina [2, 51. In this study we have used intravitreal injections of 5,7-DHT to reduce the 5-HT content in the pigeon retina. The possible physiological modifications induced by 5-HT depletion have been investigated by recording the electroretinogram (ERG) in response to light flashes of different intensity under conditions of light and dark adaptation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serotonin depletion modifies the pigeon electroretinogram

Porciatti¹,

Alesci

Bagnoli

et al. 1989

Doc Ophthalmol

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Significant amounts of endogenous serotonin have been detected in the retina of many nonmammalian vertebrates. In the pigeon retina, serotonin-like immunoreactivity has been localized within a subpopulation of bipolar and amacrine cells, and serotonin-containing terminals have been found to be segregated in different laminae of the inner plexiform layer. In the current experiments 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine was injected intravitreally in the pigeon eye in order to examine the effect of serotonin depletion on the functional activity of the retina. The physiological modifications induced by the serotonin depletion were examined by recording electroretinographic responses to light flashes of different intensity under conditions of light and dark adaptation. Our results show that 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine treatment selectively increases b-wave amplitude and modifies the function relating b-wave amplitude to Log flash intensity without affecting the peak latency and the amplitude of oscillatory potentials. These results can be interpreted in terms of a possible inhibitory role of serotonin on b-wave generators.

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Putative serotonergic bipolar and amacrine cells in the chicken retina

Cited by 32 publications

References 46 publications

Immunocytochemical characterization of quisqualic acid- and N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced excitotoxicity in the retina of chicks

Immunocytochemical characterization of quisqualic acid- and N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced excitotoxicity in the retina of chicks

Two types of glutamate receptors differentially excite amacrine cells in the tiger salamander retina.

Serotonin depletion modifies the pigeon electroretinogram

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