Putative Determinants of Arterial Wall Compliance in NIDDM

Abstract

Aortoiliac arterial wall compliance was measured in apparently healthy subjects and in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), on diet alone, who had no clinical evidence of peripheral arterial disease. Compliance was significantly lower in patients with diabetes. The two clinical groups were combined to provide as wide a range of blood glucose values as possible. After allowing for the influence of age, there were significant negative correlations between compliance and free fatty acid and insulin levels. These were almost completely accounted for by differences in blood glucose levels. Therefore, arterial compliance was best predicted on the basis of age and the area under the blood glucose curve.

Vascular Dysfunction and Metabolic Parameters in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

“…In focusing on contributors for accelerated CVD, we have demonstrated that PWV was correlated with insulin, glucose, and BP but was not related to androgen status in overweight women with PCOS. These findings are consistent with previous studies in non-PCOS populations, which have demonstrated that arterial stiffness is correlated with both glycemic control and hyperinsulinemia in diabetic (26,27) and nondiabetic (28,29) subjects. In nondiabetic women, a 25% increase in fasting glucose has been shown to correlate with a 15% (1 sd) decrease in arterial stiffness, whereas an 80% increase in fasting insulin (1 sd) predicted a 7.5% increase in arterial stiffness (28).…”

Food variety is associated with less macrovascular disease in those with type II diabetes and their healthy controls.

“…Presumably some is AVD, as we have shown that arterial compliance is dependent on classical risk factors for AVD in heal thy subjects and diabetics without clinical evidence of occlusive arterial disease [6,18]. However, another possible contributor to reduce arterial compliance in diabetics is glycation of arterial wall proteins [15], and, for this reason, we prefer to discuss our findings in terms of macrovascular disease rather than AVD.…”

“…We have previously argued that, where the interest is in macrovascular disease, a study design which allows the range of glucose tolerance from normality, through impairment, to Type II diabetes with no phar macological management, is appropriate for examin ing the determinants of macrovascular disease [18]. It also has the potential for providing a wider range of such determinants.…”

Arterial stiffness, hypertension and diabetes mellitus

“…7 Increased aortic PWV has been described by both Wahlqvist 26 and Lehman 27 in otherwise healthy subjects with type 2 diabetes. Salomaa 28 and Emoto 29 have also reported increased carotid artery stiffness in this patient group.…”