Pushing the boundaries of X-ray grating spectroscopy in a suborbital rocket

DeRoo, Casey T.; McEntaffer, Randall L.; Schultz, Ted; Zhang, William W.; Murray, Neil J.; O’Dell, Stephen L.; Cash, Webster

doi:10.1117/12.2022244

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Other geometries are possible such as that for the OGRE rocket payload being developed at the University of Iowa. 5 Regardless of the specific design, an array of gratings will be used to create overlapping diffraction arcs in the focal plane. However, conical diffraction occurs in the off-plane analog of the Rowland circle as in Fig.…”

Section: Grating Placement and Focal Plane Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alignment tolerances for off-plane reflection grating spectroscopy: theoretical calculations and laboratory techniques

2013

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Off-plane reflection gratings can be used to provide high throughput and spectral resolution in the 0.3-2.0 keV band, allowing for unprecedented diagnostics of energetic astrophysical processes. A grating spectrometer consists of multiple aligned gratings intersecting the converging beam of a Wolter-I telescope. Each grating will be aligned such that the diffracted spectra overlap at the focal plane. Misalignments will degrade both spectral resolution and effective area. In this paper we present a summary of analytical alignment tolerance calculations, including an investigation of diffraction efficiency alignment dependence. Our plan for extending this work to future modeling and simulation is laid out. Finally, we report on the status of laboratory techniques to achieve these tolerances for flight-like optics. Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 05/16/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedl.org/terms Proc. of SPIE Vol. 8861 88611C-3 Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 05/16/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedl.org/terms Proc. of SPIE Vol. 8861 88611C-8 Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 05/16/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedl.org/terms Proc. of SPIE Vol. 8861 88611C-11 Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 05/16/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedl.org/terms

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Section: Grating Placement and Focal Plane Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alignment tolerances for off-plane reflection grating spectroscopy: theoretical calculations and laboratory techniques

2013

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“…Off-plane reflection gratings for soft X-ray applications are designed, manufactured, and tested at Penn State University. Many papers have been written on the fabrication and testing of these gratings, [8][9][10][11][12][13] and so in this paper we will focus on the design of the OGRE grating, the modules in which the gratings will be housed, and how these modules will be incorporated into the rocket. 6 OGRE's X-ray optic will be treated as 6 independent 60 • azimuth optics.…”

Section: Optical Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Off-plane Grating Rocket Experiment (OGRE) system overview

Tutt

McEntaffer

Donovan

et al. 2018

Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2018: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray

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The Off-plane Grating Rocket Experiment (OGRE) is a sub-orbital rocket payload that will make the highest spectral resolution astronomical observation of the soft X-ray Universe to date. Capella, OGRE's science target, has a well-defined line emission spectrum and is frequently used as a calibration source for X-ray observatories such as Chandra. This makes Capella an excellent target to test the technologies on OGRE, many of which have not previously flown. Through the use of state-of-the-art X-ray optics, co-aligned arrays of off-plane reflection gratings, and an X-ray camera based around four Electron Multiplying CCDs, OGRE will act as a proving ground for next generation X-ray spectrometers.

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“…The second grating was made using a <311> silicon wafer (Grating 2), yielding a 29.5 • facet angle, similar to the facet angles required for several future spectrometers including Arcus and the Off-Plane Grating Rocket Experiment (OGRE). 10 Due to time and budget constraints, the blazed silicon grating was tested directly rather than transferring the grating pattern to a fused silica wafer, and was cleaved to measure approximately 35 mm by 45 mm (where the long edge is again parallel to the ruling direction) for mounting purposes.…”

Section: Gratingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Line spread functions of blazed off-plane gratings operated in the Littrow mounting

DeRoo

McEntaffer

Miles

et al. 2016

J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst

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Abstract. Future soft x-ray (10 to 50 Å) spectroscopy missions require higher effective areas and resolutions to perform critical science that cannot be done by instruments on current missions. An x-ray grating spectrometer employing off-plane reflection gratings would be capable of meeting these performance criteria. Off-plane gratings with blazed groove facets operating in the Littrow mounting can be used to achieve excellent throughput into orders achieving high resolutions. We have fabricated two off-plane gratings with blazed groove profiles via a technique that uses commonly available microfabrication processes, is easily scaled for mass production, and yields gratings customized for a given mission architecture. Both fabricated gratings were tested in the Littrow mounting at the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE) PANTER x-ray test facility to assess their performance. The line spread functions of diffracted orders were measured, and a maximum resolution of 800 AE 20 is reported. In addition, we also observe evidence of a blaze effect from measurements of relative efficiencies of the diffracted orders.

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Pushing the boundaries of X-ray grating spectroscopy in a suborbital rocket

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Alignment tolerances for off-plane reflection grating spectroscopy: theoretical calculations and laboratory techniques

Alignment tolerances for off-plane reflection grating spectroscopy: theoretical calculations and laboratory techniques

The Off-plane Grating Rocket Experiment (OGRE) system overview

Line spread functions of blazed off-plane gratings operated in the Littrow mounting

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