Push and Pull Factors Influencing the Winter Sport Tourists in China: The Case of Leisure Skiers

Wang, Xinghua; Zhang, James J.; Song, Guandong; Wan, Xia

doi:10.1177/2158244020938739

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…Consequently, the number of healthfitness enterprises has increased, including corporate fitness, fitness studios, 24-h gyms, and virtual fitness services. This fast-paced development has led to some growing pains; for instance, club managers regularly need to evaluate club operations in order to maintain or improve service quality and adapt to constantly changing business surroundings [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensions of Service Quality in Health-Fitness Clubs in China

Chen

Kim

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The purpose of this study was to explore the dimensions of service quality in fitness clubs in China and examine their impact on customer satisfaction. In Phase I of the study, we collected qualitative data from online comments related to service quality in 30 Tera Wellness clubs in Shanghai (k = 6252). Conducting content analysis, we synthesized the information and identified preliminary themes and formulated measurement statements. Phase II implemented a series of quantitative research procedures to examine the measurement properties of statements developed in Phase I. Conducting exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling analyses based on responses of club members (N = 533), we identified a total of 27 items in six dimensions: service recovery, service assurance, facility function, program operation, instructor quality, and staff performance. These factors significantly (p < 0.05) predicted customer satisfaction with fitness clubs in China. The findings highlight the importance of high-quality service delivery, service recovery, and service assurance and pinpoint specific areas for improvement.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensions of Service Quality in Health-Fitness Clubs in China

Chen

Kim

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Previous literature has emphasized that effective marketing requires understanding push (intrinsic) and pull (extrinsic) factors ( Baloglu and Uysal, 1996 ; Qian et al, 2020a ; Wang et al, 2020 ). Both types of motivation have been widely studied (e.g., McClelland, 1985 ; Ryan and Deci, 2000 , 2017 ; Amabile and Pratt, 2016 ).…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research on the interrelationships between push and pull factors in the sport industry is sporadic and lacking. Although current research has used ample pull and push factors jointly or independently to predict various sport consumer behaviors ( Zhang and Byon, 2017 ; Qian et al, 2020a ; Wang et al, 2020 ), the sport management literature has gained limited insights into the interrelation between these factors. Thus, although sport marketers can use fan motives (i.e., push factors) and market demand (i.e., pull factors) to segment their consumer market, understanding the interrelation between the two would allow them to tailor their positioning strategies further to individual consumer segments.…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Push and pull factors associated with the consumption of women’s professional basketball games: A canonical correlation analysis

2022

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The purpose of this study was to empirically investigate the interrelationships between push and pull factors associated with the consumption of women’s professional basketball games. Multiple factors pertaining to sport consumers’ internal needs, identified as “push” factors, contain various intangible socio-psychological motivations representing an individual’s intrinsic desires that drive consumers toward certain goal-driven behaviors. On the other hand, “pull” factors, related to the supply side, refer to the different aspects of sport products the management of sport teams provides. It is imperative to obtain a better understanding of the push–pull interaction so that sport marketers can design their products to satisfy spectators’ expectations with different needs. Spectators (N = 628) attending WNBA games responded to an on-site survey. CFA was conducted to ensure the psychometric properties of the scales, which showed that the overall model fit the data well. A canonical correlation analysis was performed, and two significant functions were revealed by the dimension reduction analysis. The first function [F(40,2,683) = 4.49, p < 0.001]: I-Want-Everything-Consumer suggests that the market segment comprises individuals with multiple needs (ranged from 0.55 to 0.85) and expectations (ranged from 0.55 to 0.89), both of which need to be met simultaneously. Thus, sports marketers can satisfy WNBA consumers’ needs by enhancing the quality of tangible pull factors. The second function [F(28,2,222) = 2.38, p < 0.001]: Achievement-Seekers revealed that the consumers motivated by vicarious achievement (–0.59) expect game promotion (–0.55) rather than the quality of the opposing team (0.42), indicating that sport marketers should provide tailored promotional strategies to satisfy this segment of consumers. Specifically, the findings of this study can be used to segment consumers based upon fan motives (i.e., push factors) and position products accordingly by managing the controllable aspects of sport products (i.e., pull factors). This study provides empirical evidence of the relationship between WNBA consumers’ multiple needs and attributes associated with the WNBA core product.

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“…The other dimension, the pull factor, consists of external factors such as attractions or attributes and accessibility (Jang & Wu, 2006). The pull factors are identifiable elements (Nikjoo & Ketabi, 2015) that become apparent due to their attractiveness (Wang et al, 2020). Uysal et al (1996) emphasise that pull factors respond to and reinforce the push factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A long entanglement with nature: Flyfishers in the wild

Adedokun

McHenry

Kirkpatrick

2023

Geographical Research

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Large wild areas are important for both nature conservation and nature‐based recreation. Information on the reciprocal relationships between recreators and the environments in which they recreate can help both conservation and recreation management. We considered motivations, perceptions, environmental concerns, and social concerns among flyfishers who recreate within the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area on the Central Plateau of Tasmania, Australia. Using semi‐structured interviews with 27 participants, we established that they were motivated by a love of nature, desire for experience, escapism, connection, and challenge. On the basis of motivations and attitudes, we discriminated four groups of flyfishers: “social” (those who fish with friends), “trophy” (lone fishers who are goal‐oriented), “outdoor enthusiast” (those who enjoy the outdoor experience, fishing optional), and “hunter‐gatherer” (those prepared to travel long distances for catch). Nonetheless, all groups perceived environmental and social problems related to fishing and visitation behaviours, from littering to climate change. Fishers perceived environmental problems included identifying exotic weeds and pests but did not specifically include trout as a pest, despite their exotic status and adverse effects on native ecosystems. However, flyfishers were aware of most of their impacts and were willing to help mitigate them. Such insight is significant for geographers and those in associated disciplines and professions seeking to manage wild protected areas.

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Push and Pull Factors Influencing the Winter Sport Tourists in China: The Case of Leisure Skiers

Cited by 12 publications

References 57 publications

Dimensions of Service Quality in Health-Fitness Clubs in China

Dimensions of Service Quality in Health-Fitness Clubs in China

Push and pull factors associated with the consumption of women’s professional basketball games: A canonical correlation analysis

A long entanglement with nature: Flyfishers in the wild

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