Purinergic Signalling in Gut

Burnstock, Geoffrey

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-56921-0_6

Cited by 58 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 536 publications

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“…Evidence in 1963 first implicated ATP as one of the inhibitory neurotransmitters at neuromuscular junctions in the intestine (9, 10). This role for ATP has been confirmed repeatedly in subsequent years (10,11,12).Inhibitory junction potentials (IJPs) were first reported for the guinea pig taenia coli by Burnstock et al (9) in 1963 and analyzed in more detail in 1966 (4). Excitation of ENS inhibitory motor neurons by transmural electrical field stimulation or by application of nicotinic receptor agonists is now commonly known to evoke IJPs, which are readily detected with intracellular electrophysiological recording methods, in intestinal circular muscle.…”

mentioning

confidence: 81%

Inhibitory neuromuscular transmission mediated by the P2Y₁ purinergic receptor in guinea pig small intestine

Wang

et al. 2007

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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is a putative inhibitory neurotransmitter responsible for inhibitory junction potentials (IJPs) at neuromuscular junctions (IJPs) in the intestine. This study tested the hypothesis that the purinergic P2Y 1 receptor subtype mediates the IJPs. IJPs were evoked by focal electrical stimulation in the myenteric plexus and recorded with "sharp" intracellular microelectrodes in the circular muscle coat. Stimulation evoked three categories of IJPs: 1) purely purinergic IJPs, 2) partially purinergic IJPs, and 3) nonpurinergic IJPs. Purely purinergic IJPs were suppressed by the selective P2Y 1 purinergic receptor antagonist MRS2179. Purely purinergic IJPs comprised 26% of the IJPs. Partially purinergic IJPs (72% of the IJPs) consisted of a component that was abolished by MRS2179 and a second unaffected component. The MRS2179-insensitive component was suppressed or abolished by inhibition of formation of nitric oxide by N -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) in some, but not all, IJPs. An unidentified neurotransmitter, different from nitric oxide, mediated the second component in these cases. Nonpurinergic IJPs were a small third category (4%) of IJPs that were abolished by L-NAME and unaffected by MRS2179. Exogenous application of ATP evoked IJP-like hyperpolarizing responses, which were blocked by MRS2179. Application of apamin, which suppresses opening of small-conductance Ca 2ϩ -operated K ϩ channels in the muscle, decreased the amplitude of the purinergic IJPs and the amplitude of IJP-like responses to ATP. The results support ATP as a neurotransmitter for IJPs in the intestine and are consistent with the hypothesis that the P2Y1 purinergic receptor subtype mediates the action of ATP. adenosine 5Ј-triphosphate; neurotransmission; enteric nervous system; intestinal motility; smooth muscle INHIBITION OF THE CIRCULAR MUSCULATURE ahead of the advancing bolus is an essential component of peristaltic propulsion in the small and large intestine. This component of the organization of propulsive motility is organized by the enteric nervous system (ENS) and reflects elevated activity in the inhibitory motor innervation of the musculature. Evidence in 1963 first implicated ATP as one of the inhibitory neurotransmitters at neuromuscular junctions in the intestine (9, 10). This role for ATP has been confirmed repeatedly in subsequent years (10,11,12).Inhibitory junction potentials (IJPs) were first reported for the guinea pig taenia coli by Burnstock et al. (9) in 1963 and analyzed in more detail in 1966 (4). Excitation of ENS inhibitory motor neurons by transmural electrical field stimulation or by application of nicotinic receptor agonists is now commonly known to evoke IJPs, which are readily detected with intracellular electrophysiological recording methods, in intestinal circular muscle. In human, guinea pig, dog, and mouse preparations, the IJPs are generally biphasic and consist of an initial large-amplitude and rapidly activating component (fast IJP), followed by a smaller and more slowly activating component (slow IJP...

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confidence: 81%

Inhibitory neuromuscular transmission mediated by the P2Y₁ purinergic receptor in guinea pig small intestine

Wang

et al. 2007

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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“…Conversely, ATP released from sympathetic nerve varicosities acts on prejunctional adenosine receptors (after ATP breakdown) on both extrinsic sensory and submucosal vasodilator nerves to inhibit transmitter release (Lomax and Vanner, 2010). Reviews describing neural purinergic control of intestinal vessels are available (Burnstock, 2001a;Kotecha, 2002). P2X receptors were shown to be present on both arterial and venous blood vessels of the cat intestinal circulation (Taylor and Parsons, 1991) and submucosal arteries in the guinea pig ileum (Galligan et al, 1995).…”

Section: H Intestinal Vesselsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purinergic Signaling and Blood Vessels in Health and Disease

2013

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“…A family of peptides known as endothelins (ET) cause smooth muscle relaxation in the oesophagus, stomach and ileum through interaction with ET(A) or ET(B) receptors (Huang, 2005). Neurotransmitters such as adenosine, adenosine monophosphate (AMP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and other derivatives of these neurotransmitters, and nitric oxide are known to cause GI smooth muscle relaxation by stimulating purinoceptors (Burnstock, 2001;Giaroni et al, 2005;McDonnell et al, 2008). Findings from this study imply that consumption of this fruit extract will reduce or inhibit gastric motility and invariably increase transit time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relaxant effect of <i>Lagenaria breviflora</i> Roberty fruit pulp and seeds on isolated rabbit ileum

Saba²

2013

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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Lagenaria breviflora roberty is used in West Africa as traditional remedy for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, particularly diarrhoea. This study was aimed at assessing the effect of the pulp and seed extract of L. breviflora on the contractile activity of isolated rabbit ileum. Rabbits of both sexes were used for the study and a rabbit was sacrificed for each experiment. The ileum was located and taken out into a petri dish containing Tyrode solution constantly aerated by an air pump. The organ was cut into strips of about 2cm long and mounted in an organ bath. The contractile responses were recorded on a kymograph. The maximum response (E max ), concentration producing 50% of the response (EC 50 ) and affinity (pA 2 ) were determined from repeated experiments conducted. Values were expressed as mean±SEM and significant differences were determined using one way ANOVA (p<0.05). The extracts caused a dose-dependent relaxation of the ileum and the relaxant effect was antagonized by prazosin and phenoxybenzamine (α-adrenergic antagonists) with a right shift in concentration response curves (CRCs) obtained. Propranolol (β adrenergic antagonist) caused a left shift in the CRCs obtained. E max and EC 50 for the extracts reduced, while pA 2 increased. The extracts produced α-adrenergic receptor-mediated gastrointestinal smooth muscle relaxation which explains the rationale for the use of L. breviflora fruit for treatment of diarrhoea.

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Purinergic Signalling in Gut

Cited by 58 publications

References 536 publications

Inhibitory neuromuscular transmission mediated by the P2Y₁ purinergic receptor in guinea pig small intestine

Inhibitory neuromuscular transmission mediated by the P2Y₁ purinergic receptor in guinea pig small intestine

Purinergic Signaling and Blood Vessels in Health and Disease

Relaxant effect of <i>Lagenaria breviflora</i> Roberty fruit pulp and seeds on isolated rabbit ileum

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Purinergic Signalling in Gut

Cited by 58 publications

References 536 publications

Inhibitory neuromuscular transmission mediated by the P2Y1 purinergic receptor in guinea pig small intestine

Inhibitory neuromuscular transmission mediated by the P2Y1 purinergic receptor in guinea pig small intestine

Purinergic Signaling and Blood Vessels in Health and Disease

Relaxant effect of <i>Lagenaria breviflora</i> Roberty fruit pulp and seeds on isolated rabbit ileum

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Inhibitory neuromuscular transmission mediated by the P2Y₁ purinergic receptor in guinea pig small intestine

Inhibitory neuromuscular transmission mediated by the P2Y₁ purinergic receptor in guinea pig small intestine