Purified Chick Embryo Cell (PCEC) Rabies Vaccine for Human Use — Laboratory Data

Barth, R; Gruschkau, H; O, Jaeger; L, Milcke; Weinmann, E.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-70060-6_16

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The chicken egg is a reliable candidate in assessing angiogenic responses to drugs as well as being cost and time-effective [10]. In 1984, inactivated rabies vaccine for human use was developed which had been adapted to proliferate in primary chick egg cultures [11]. This vaccine provided similar antigenicity to the human diploid cell strain with the advantages of cheaper and faster production.…”

Section: Chicken Egg Used For Drug Screening and Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Snake Venom (Bitis arietans) on Embryonic Development

Peters¹,

Petrílla²,

Luptáková³

et al. 2021

Medical Toxicology

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Venomous snake bites in pregnant women can lead to poor survival rates in both the foetus and mother; early bites can precipitate teratogenesis, miscarriages, preterm delivery, foetal death and antepartum haemorrhage. The chicken embryo poses as a valuable research model for venom research due to its advantages such as ease of availability, economic feasibility and its non-invasiveness. This study evaluates the embryotoxic effects of Puff adder venom (Bitis arietans) from Namibia, Kenya, South Africa and non-specified region of Africa at varying concentrations. The venoms were applied to chicken embryos on the fourth day of incubation and assessed on a ninth day, focusing on body weight, heart weight, liver weight and mortality rate. Nile blue staining was also performed to observe the occurrence of apoptosis amongst the venoms at the strongest concentrations. The information provided from our results suggested that there was a regional variation in venom toxicity, with the Kenyan venom producing the largest weight changes, whereas the non-specified African venom proved the most lethal across the concentrations. Further studies to assess venom protein concentrations in comparison with regional diet disparities are required.

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Section: Chicken Egg Used For Drug Screening and Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Snake Venom (Bitis arietans) on Embryonic Development

Peters¹,

Petrílla²,

Luptáková³

et al. 2021

Medical Toxicology

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show abstract

“…In accordance with current pharmacopoeia and WHO regulations, the purified chick embryo cell vaccine (PCECV) is made in CEFs utilising SPF fertilised eggs and the Flury low egg passage (LEP) RABV strain. The FluryLEP RABV is inactivated with Beta-propiolactone, purified via continuous density-gradient centrifugation and stabilised with polygeline (Barth and Franke, 1996).In both animal and human investigations, the PCECV shows comparable immunogenicity and tolerability to the human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV) (Barth et al, 1984;Briggs et al, 2000). It meets or exceeds the 2.5 IU per single IM dose minimum potency level.…”

Section: Primary Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

History, evolution and newer perspectives of rabies vaccines

2021

J Vet Anim Sci

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Rabies continues to be one of the most deadly infectious diseases known to human race since antiquity, with a case fatality rate almost 100 per cent after the onset of clinical disease. The disease still has a significant impact on human and animal living all over the globe. It is found on all continents where terrestrial animals exist, with the bulk of animal and human cases documented in resource-constrained African and Asian countries, where thousands of human deaths are being recorded annually. The disease produces one of the most agonising deaths in humans and it is likely that the global statistic of roughly 59,000 human rabies fatalities per year is an underestimate. Scientific innovations that led to the successful development of several vaccines and immunisation policies in identified ‘at risk’human and animal populationshave gained a great reputation in minimising the impact of disease across wide portions of the globe.Vaccines continue to be the most significant triumphs of the combined global efforts of the public and animal health communities and has achieved significant strides in the treatment, prevention, and control of disease. This paper describes the history, evolution, and accomplishments of human ingenuity, scientific endeavour, and the joint global efforts of the public and animal health communities that resulted in evolving an effective prevention and control strategies.

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“…Several prospective vaccines are in various stages of development. A purified chick embryo cell vaccine [23] has been shown to induce antibodies in monkeys and to protect guinea pigs from disease after parenteral rabies virus challenge. The vaccine is inactivated using beta-propriolactone, and is purified and concentrated by continuous zonal centrifugation.…”

Section: Prospects For Vaccine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Prospects of Anti-Rabies Vaccines Production in Nigeria

Nwosu¹

2013

J Vaccines Vaccin

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Rabies is one of the oldest known viral zoonosis and remains a serious public health hazard, especially in the developing countries. It is the major viral disease in humans living in the tropics, but it is enzootic worldwide. Though its hundred percent preventable, it is estimated to cause 55,000 deaths annually, at a minimum, because appropriate therapy and preventive measures are not available in most developing countries. Exposure to rabid dogs is responsible for about 90% of reported cases of human rabies in the world each year. Effective control, prevention and eradication of rabies in man and animal can only be realized by immunization. Despite concerted efforts to develop and produce anti-rabies vaccines for protection of man and animal against rabies since 1919 in Nigeria, successful achievement of effective control and prevention of the disease through vaccination is greatly hampered by poor or lack of modern technology and facilities required for development and production of safe and effective vaccines. High cost of development and production, poor electric power supply, poor policy implementation by governments, poverty and gross lack of awareness are other major constraints encountered in rabies vaccinology in developing counties including Nigeria. Recent advances in tissue culture technologies, genetic engineering and peptide chemistry have made it possible to design and produce large quantities of pure antigens. This is a far reaching prospects for the development and production of life-saving vaccines for humans and animals. This approach aims at development and production of safe, effective, potent, and inexpensive anti-rabies vaccines with longer shelf life, greater quantity in terms of volume of vaccines produced and short immunization schedule than the trial and error approach by which vaccines were developed, produced and used in the past.

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Purified Chick Embryo Cell (PCEC) Rabies Vaccine for Human Use — Laboratory Data

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

The Effects of Snake Venom (Bitis arietans) on Embryonic Development

The Effects of Snake Venom (Bitis arietans) on Embryonic Development

History, evolution and newer perspectives of rabies vaccines

Challenges and Prospects of Anti-Rabies Vaccines Production in Nigeria

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