Purification of Hydrogen Isotopes by Self-Displacement Chromatography at Low Temperatures

Separation and Analysis of Various Forms of Hydrogen by Adsorption and Gas Chromatography

“…Mixtures of protium and deuterium were introduced into columns packed with Molecular Sieve 5A and maintained at -196°. The gases were then made to travel through the column either by maintaining the exit end at a reduced pressure (70) or by heating the column progressively from the entrance end to the outlet by gradually lowering the liquid nitrogen container surrounding the column (74). An analysis of the outflowing gases showed that, as in the single stage enrichment by desorption, the first gas to arrive at the exit was a band of pure protium, followed by a protiumdeuterium mixture in which the concentration of deuterium kept increasing progressively until, finally, a band of pure deuterium was evolved.…”

Intrinsic D2/H2 Selectivity of NaX Zeolite: Interplay between Adsorption and Kinetic Factors

“…The separation of hydrogen isotope gas mixtures into their components can be achieved through a variety of techniques, including: thermal diffusion, cryogenic distillation, selective diffusion through alloy membranes, selective formation of hybrids, and self-developing gas chromatography. − All these techniques are practiced in laboratories; however, low separation factor and high cost of these energy-intensive processes hampers their application in industry.…”

Efficient hydrogen isotopic analysis with Cu–Fe/ZSM-5 zeolite as a cryogenic chromatographic stationary phase

“…3–5 Among them, gas chromatography stands out due to its accuracy of analysis and simplicity of operation and construction. 6,7…”

“…[3][4][5] Among them, gas chromatography stands out due to its accuracy of analysis and simplicity of operation and construction. 6,7 Gas chromatography always relies on column stationary phase materials, which generally include glass microspheres, 8 alumina, 9 metal organic framework composites, 10 and membranes. 11,12 However, these materials still have their shortcomings such as long retention time, poor separation resolution, and inaccurate qualitative/ quantitative analysis.…”