Purification of Head-to-Tail-Type Regioregular Poly(3-hexylthiophene), HT-P3HexTh, and Investigation of the Effects of Polymer Purity on the Performance of Organic Field-Effect Transistors

Kokubo, Hisashi; Yamamoto, Takakazu; Kondo, Hiroshi; Akiyama, Yoshikatsu; Fujimura, Itaru

doi:10.1143/jjap.42.6627

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The acetone fraction was orange/red in color and likely contained most of the residual metal salts from polymerization and low molecular weight oligothiophenes. Recent studies of the chemical purity of Aldrich RRP3HT reveal a significant amount of residual Zn and Br from the polymerization. , GPC analysis showed the acetone fraction still had a large polydispersity and did contain the lowest molecular weight components. When referenced to polystyrene standards, GPC tends to overestimate the molecular weight by a factor of 2 in agreement with other reports in the literature , and the MALDI-TOF data presented here.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Effect Transport and Trapping in Regioregular Polythiophene Nanofibers

2004

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We report the electrical characterization of field effect transistors based on regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (RRP3HT) nanofibers fabricated using nanostencil shadow masks. Mobility values were 0.02 cm2/Vs with on/off current ratios of 106. Current densities of ∼700 A/cm2 were achieved in single nanofibers. A series of Soxhlet extractions was employed to separate RRP3HT into narrow molecular weight fractions. Nanofibers made from the THF fraction exhibited superior electrical properties in terms of increased current levels and decreased activation energy. The lowest activation energies in the nanofibers were achieved by using top contacts (i.e., vapor-deposited metal on top of the nanofibers) and material purified by Soxhlet extraction. Contact effects were eliminated from bottom contact devices (i.e., nanofibers on top of metal electrodes on a dielectric substrate) with a four-probe geometry. Temperature-dependent measurements reveal two distinct regimes of transport. The high-temperature regime (355−245 K) is characterized by activation energies of 62−145 meV depending on contact geometry and RRP3HT purity with a Meyer−Neldel energy of 33 ± 3 meV. The low-temperature regime (235−85 K) has lower activation energies of 31−112 meV. Shifts in the turn-on gate voltage with temperature indicate ∼4.8 × 1012 acceptor-like states/cm2 (or ∼1 per nm of fiber length) and 3.2 × 1012 donor-like states/cm2 exist in the nanofibers. We propose that transport can be explained in terms of the multiple trap and release (MTR) or variable range hopping (VRH) formalisms of transport in a bimodal, exponential distribution of shallow and deep donor-like states.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Effect Transport and Trapping in Regioregular Polythiophene Nanofibers

2004

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“…Furthermore, carrier mobility is strongly affected by impurities and defects in the film as well as by the fabrication method and device structure. 1) Recently, hole and electron mobilities on the order of 0.1-1 cm 2 V À1 s À1 in pentacene 2,3) and C 60 2,4) achieved using vacuum deposition have been reported. These mobilities are temporarily satisfactory to build up active matrix displays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambipolar Transport in Bilayer Organic Field-Effect Transistor Based on Poly(3-hexylthiophene) and Fullerene Derivatives

Morita¹,

Singh²,

Oku³

et al. 2010

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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Ambipolar characteristics in an organic field-effect transistor (FET) with a bilayer structure consisting of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and a fullerene derivative (PCBM) are reported. P3HT was deposited by a floating film transfer method (FTM) with toluene solution on spin-coated PCBM. The FTM-deposited film was found to show relatively high hole mobility even when cast using toluene solution. Even after coating P3HT on PCBM by FTM, a relatively high n-type transport was obtained. This indicates that FTM employed in this study is a mild way to coat an organic thin film on an organic semiconductor layer in terms of minimizing the effect of carrier transport in the underlayer. The transport characteristics have been discussed in comparison with those of ambipolar FETs prepared by other methods previously reported.

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“…-Conjugated polythiophenes have been the subject of many papers. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Some of them, such as poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) 8,9) and polythiophenes with alkylsulfonate substituents, 10,11) have been adopted in industry.…”

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“…The XRD pattern of powdery 1a gives d 1 , d 2 , and d 3 peaks at 24.3, 3.8, and 4.5 A [cf., the top chart in panel (A)]. Similar to the cases of analogous regioregular -conjugated polymers such as HT-P3RTh, 6,7,12,13,[15][16][17][18] d 1 is considered to correspond to the distance between the polythiophene chains separated by the -CCR side chains as depicted in Fig. 5, and d 2 is considered to be assignable to the stacking distance.…”

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Self-Assembly and Oriented Structures on Surface of Substrates for π-Conjugated and Coplanar Polythiophenes with –C≡CR Substituents

Yamamoto

Sato

2006

jjap

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Head-to-head-type poly(3-alkynylthiophene-2,5-diyl), HH-P3(C≡CR)Th, showed a UV-visible absorption peak at about 520 nm, which is shifted to a longer wavelength from that of head-to-head-type poly(3-alkylthiophene-2,5-diyl), HH-P3RTh (λmax = ca. 390 nm). HH-P3(C≡CR)Th exhibited a strong tendency to self-assemble. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) data of HH-P3(C≡CR)Th supported the formation of a stacked structure in the solid. The XRD data indicated that the HH-P3(C≡CR)Th molecules in films formed on the surface of substrates were aligned on the surface of the substrate.

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Purification of Head-to-Tail-Type Regioregular Poly(3-hexylthiophene), HT-P3HexTh, and Investigation of the Effects of Polymer Purity on the Performance of Organic Field-Effect Transistors

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Field Effect Transport and Trapping in Regioregular Polythiophene Nanofibers

Field Effect Transport and Trapping in Regioregular Polythiophene Nanofibers

Ambipolar Transport in Bilayer Organic Field-Effect Transistor Based on Poly(3-hexylthiophene) and Fullerene Derivatives

Self-Assembly and Oriented Structures on Surface of Substrates for π-Conjugated and Coplanar Polythiophenes with –C≡CR Substituents

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