Purification of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil Using Bentonite as Dry Washing Agent

Abstract

The process of biodiesel purification is an important step in getting biodiesel products that meet specifications as a substitute for fossil-based fuels. Dry washing method has been developed to achieve an effective purification strategy in order to produce high-quality biodiesel. Bentonite can be used as dry washing agent because it has a good adsorbing properties as well as a large pore and surface area therefore can attract polar substances such as glycerol and methanol. The purpose of this research is to know the capability of activated bentonite as dry washing agent for purification of biodiesel produced from waste cooking oil. The activation process of bentonite was carried out using sulfuric acid with concentration 1.5 M. Characterization of the bentonite was conducted using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) for minerals content and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method for surface area. Bentonite was used as dry washing agent for biodiesel purification by varying washing time (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 minutes) and adsorbent amount (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5%). The experimental results showed that purification of biodiesel by dry washing using activated bentonite resulted in a better yield and quality than wet washing and dry washing using non-activated bentonite, except the acid number. The best operation condition resulted from this research is at 10 minutes washing time and 1% adsorbent with yield of 94.1%; acid number of 0.4208 mg KOH/gram; density of 0.8838 gram/cm3, viscosity of 3.0617 mm2/s and water content of 1.17%.

Penggunaan Adsorben Bentonit pada Proses Pencucian Kering dalam Pemurnian Biodiesel Minyak Jelantah

“…Nanda dkk (2019) menghasilkan rendemen biodiesel tertinggi sebesar 94,1% yang diperoleh dengan metode pencucian kering dengan bentonit aktif pada kondisi 1% massa bentonit dan waktu pencucian 10 menit [16]. Penelitian Frita dan Harun (2013) yaitu karakteristik biodiesel dari minyak biji kelor dengan metode dry washing menggunakan adsorben bentonit dengan variasi waktu interaksi 0 jam, 1 jam, 2 jam, dan 3 jam dengan memperoleh hasil yang terbaik, yaitu dengan variasi waktu interaksi 3 jam [3].…”

“…Biodiesel setelah pemurnian melalui metode pencucian basah menghasilkan kadar air sebesar 2,67% yang digunakan sebagai pembanding. Penelitian tersebut memperoleh rendemen biodiesel tertinggi sebesar 94,1% [16], sedangkan pada penelitian ini, diperoleh hasil analisis kejernihan (persen transmisi) biodiesel sebesar 96,7. Hasil yang diperoleh mendekati penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Nanda (2019).…”

Synthesis of Renewable Diesel from Pure Plant Oil of Kapuk (Ceiba pentandra) Seed Using NiMo/γ-Al2O3 Catalysts

“…The quality analysis was carried out included FFA levels, density, pour point, flash point, and viscosity aimed at kapok seed oil, pure plant oil, and HDO (green diesel) products where the results were compared with ASTM D445 standard (Asokan and Vijayan, 2014;Suriaini et al, 2019). The FFA level was carried out by titration method and repeated triplo.…”