Purification of an Antiviral Substance Produced by Alteromonas sp. and Its Virucidal Activity against Fish Viruses.

Myouga, Hisashi; Yoshimizu, Mamoru; Tajima, Kenichi; Ezura, Yoshio

doi:10.3147/jsfp.30.15

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In their study postulating the OSMAC principle, Zeeck and colleagues were able to discover >10 additional metabolites produced by A. ochraceus by changing cultivation parameters such as salinity, temperature, and even vessel types [ 26 ]. Similar results have also been observed in marine microorganisms, as for example in a marine Alteromonas strain which grows best at 28 °C and produces the highest levels of an antiviral SM when grown at 25 °C [ 75 ]. Another well-known example is the effect of shaking conditions on the production of TDA by marine strains of the Roseobacter clade, with the potent antibiotic mainly being produced when the strains are growing under static conditions [ 52 ].…”

Section: Change In Physical Parameterssupporting

confidence: 80%

Extending the “One Strain Many Compounds” (OSMAC) Principle to Marine Microorganisms

et al. 2018

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Genomic data often highlights an inconsistency between the number of gene clusters identified using bioinformatic approaches as potentially producing secondary metabolites and the actual number of chemically characterized secondary metabolites produced by any given microorganism. Such gene clusters are generally considered as “silent”, meaning that they are not expressed under laboratory conditions. Triggering expression of these “silent” clusters could result in unlocking the chemical diversity they control, allowing the discovery of novel molecules of both medical and biotechnological interest. Therefore, both genetic and cultivation-based techniques have been developed aimed at stimulating expression of these “silent” genes. The principles behind the cultivation based approaches have been conceptualized in the “one strain many compounds” (OSMAC) framework, which underlines how a single strain can produce different molecules when grown under different environmental conditions. Parameters such as, nutrient content, temperature, and rate of aeration can be easily changed, altering the global physiology of a microbial strain and in turn significantly affecting its secondary metabolism. As a direct extension of such approaches, co-cultivation strategies and the addition of chemical elicitors have also been used as cues to activate “silent” clusters. In this review, we aim to provide a focused and comprehensive overview of these strategies as they pertain to marine microbes. Moreover, we underline how changes in some parameters which have provided important results in terrestrial microbes, but which have rarely been considered in marine microorganisms, may represent additional strategies to awaken “silent” gene clusters in marine microbes. Unfortunately, the empirical nature of the OSMAC approach forces scientists to perform extensive laboratory experiments. Nevertheless, we believe that some computation and experimental based techniques which are used in other disciplines, and which we discuss; could be effectively employed to help streamline the OSMAC based approaches. We believe that natural products discovery in marine microorganisms would be greatly aided through the integration of basic microbiological approaches, computational methods, and technological innovations, thereby helping unearth much of the as yet untapped potential of these microorganisms.

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Section: Change In Physical Parameterssupporting

confidence: 80%

Extending the “One Strain Many Compounds” (OSMAC) Principle to Marine Microorganisms

et al. 2018

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“…Related works have shown that substances exhibiting antibacterial activity are normally isolated from pure culture supernatants (Hinton et al, 1992;Naclerio et al, 1993;McCarthy et al, 1994;Myouga et al, 1995). The ability of BS107 to release an antibacterial substance in the presence of foreign cells may give it a considerable advantage with respect to the colonization of ecologic niches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Benefit of a Roseobacter Species on the Survival of Scallop Larvae

et al. 1999

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: A marine strain (BS107), identified as a Roseobacter species, was antagonistic to Vibrio species on agar plates. Results suggested that the inhibitory effect was displayed only in the presence of another bacterium. Quantification of the antibacterial activity showed that 48-hour-coculture supernatants from BS107 and another bacterial strain (V. anguillarum 408) reached the highest titers of bacterial inhibition. The antibacterial substance was also liberated when supernatants from V. anguillarum 408 were added to pure cultures of the inhibition-productive bacterium. The presence of a proteinaceous molecule may induce BS107 to display the inhibitory effect. The antibacterial substance was sensitive to trypsin (8000 U/ml) and stable at 100 degrees C. Cell extracts of the isolate BS107 (10(6) cells/ml) significantly enhanced scallop larval survival, thus being beneficial to the rearing process.

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“…For example, marine Alteromonas grew best at 28°C but yielded more antiviral compound at 25°C (Myogga et al, 1995). Temperature is a regulatory factor in the secondary metabolism of Streptomyces thermaviolaceus (James et al, 1991) and, when reduced from its natural level, increased mycotoxin production from a wild marine Aspergillus (Tepsic et al, 1997).…”

Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Bioprocess Intensification for Production of Novel Marine Bacterial Antibiotics Through Bioreactor Operation and Design

1999

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: There is a lack of research into bioreactor engineering and fermentation protocol design in the field of marine bacterial antibiotic production. Most production strategies are carried out at the shake-flask level and lack a mechanistic understanding of the antibiotic production process, offering poor prospects for successful scale-up. This review shows that data need to be collated on media and physical optima differences between the trophophase and idiophase, along with investigations into the control mechanisms for biosynthesis, to allow implementation of novel fermentation protocols. Immobilization may play a part in bioprocess intensification of marine bacterial antibiotic production, through again this area is understudied. Similarly, mass transfer and shear stress data of fermentations are needed to provide the bioreactor design requirements to intensify antibiotic biosynthesis, with process scale-up in mind. The application of bioprocess intensification methods to the production of antibiotics (and other metabolites) from marine microbes will become an important strategy for improving supply of natural products, in order to assess their suitability as chemotherapeutic drugs.

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Purification of an Antiviral Substance Produced by Alteromonas sp. and Its Virucidal Activity against Fish Viruses.

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Extending the “One Strain Many Compounds” (OSMAC) Principle to Marine Microorganisms

Extending the “One Strain Many Compounds” (OSMAC) Principle to Marine Microorganisms

The Benefit of a Roseobacter Species on the Survival of Scallop Larvae

Bioprocess Intensification for Production of Novel Marine Bacterial Antibiotics Through Bioreactor Operation and Design

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