Purification, characterization and hypoglycemic activity of glycoproteins obtained from pea (Pisum sativum L.)

Sequential Extraction, Characterization, and Analysis of Pumpkin Polysaccharides for Their Hypoglycemic Activities and Effects on Gut Microbiota in Mice

“…RPP-1, RPP-2, RPP-3, and RPP-4 had relatively strong wide peaks at 3,373, 3,372, 3,369, and 3,166 cm −1 , respectively, which is in the range of 3,500–3 200 cm − l where O-H stretching vibration peaks. The absorption peaks of RPP-1, RPP-2, and RPP-3 in this range were wider than that of RPP-4, indicating the existence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding ( 2 ). RPP-1, RPP-2, RPP-3, and RPP-4 had relatively strong absorption peaks at 2,929, 2,934, 2,926, and 2,928 cm −1 , respectively, which were C-H stretching vibration peaks, but RPP-4 was relatively weak.…”

“…T1DM is only about 10% and often develops in childhood and adolescence, because the destruction of pancreatic β-cell leads to an absolute deficiency or a significant decrease in insulin. Because of insulin resistance, progressive insufficient insulin secretion, or both, T2DM is relatively common and accounts for around 90% of all diabetes cases worldwide ( 2 ). According to the latest International Diabetes Federation (IDF) Diabetes Atlas, the number of people aged 20–79 with DM in 2019 was about 463 million, while there were 351.7 million in the working group aged 20–64, and the prevalence of DM is climbing year by year.…”

“…Dietary polysaccharides have been considered by investigators because of their low toxicity and numerous pharmacological activates, such as enhance immunity, anti-tumor, anti-mutation, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood fat, lowering blood sugar, anti-viral, anti-oxidation, anti-radiation, anti-coagulation, anti-thrombosis, and anti-aging ( 6 ). Now, the hypoglycemic activity mechanism of dietary plant polysaccharides is mainly as follows: ( 1 ) promote insulin secretion, which mainly promotes insulin secretion through anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, and hypoglycemic protection of the structure and function of islet β-cells; ( 2 ) enhance insulin sensitivity and improve insulin resistance; ( 3 ) regulate key enzyme activity, and promote sugar absorption, utilization, and metabolism; ( 4 ) regulate the signal pathway, activate the PI3K/Akt pathway, and, finally, regulate the ERK/JNK/MAPK pathway ( 5 , 6 ) plant polysaccharides also have a regulatory effect on intestinal microbes ( 7 ). Pumpkin ( Cucurbita moschata ) is one of the most popular vegetables in the world, and it contains carotenoids, pectin, dietary fiber, mineral elements, polysaccharides, para-aminobenzoic acid, sterols, proteins, and peptides.…”

Immunomodulatory activity of glycoproteins isolated from chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

“…Nowadays, studies on the relationship between the chemical structure and bioactivity of glycoproteins have attracted great attention. In a previous study, the hypoglycemic activity of glycoproteins isolated from pea was found to be related to molecular weight (6).…”

“…Glycoprotein is composed of two parts of sugar and protein connected by covalent bonds. Plant-derived glycoprotein performs various pharmacological activities in the body, such as anti-inflammatory (5), antihyperglycemia (6), antiproliferation (7), antioxidant (8), antiallergy (9), and immunomodulatory. Among them, immunomodulatory activity was the most widely reported.…”