Purification, Characterization, and Evaluation of Fibrinolytic Activity of Staphylokinase From Locally Isolated Staphylococcus Aureus Gh38

Abstract

This study was aimed to purify, characteristic, and fibrinolytic activity of staphylokinase (SAK), is an enzyme activates plasminogen to form plasmin, which digest fibrin clots that cause thrombosis clot. Staphylokinase was purified from local isolate Staphylococcus aureus GH38 by ammonium sulfate precipitation at 70% saturation followed by ion exchange chromatography (CM-Cellulose) with a purification fold 2.73, and 1.53, and recovery 72.1, and 33.11% in wash and elution steps respectively. The partially purified enzyme was high activity at 40°C with pH 7 and the enzyme retained 100% of its activity at 35°C with pH 7. The activity of an enzyme increased by its treatment with calcium and sodium chloride, while the activity affected when incubated with mercury, silver, and iron chloride. The enzyme have high effective against thrombus (blood clot), which encourage the use of enzyme in the treatment as therapeutic agent to remove clots formed in the human body.

Role of Fibrinolytic Enzymes in Anti-Thrombosis Therapy

“…Anusree et al optimized the production of fibrinolytic enzyme isolated from Serratia rubidaea KUAS001 by using submerged fermentation (Anusree et al, 2020). Staphylokinase (SAK) from Staphylococcus aureus GH38 was also screened by using submerged fermentation (Noori and Aziz, 2020); while Pan et al reported for the first time the use of non-sterile submerged-fermentation to reduce the production cost of fibrinolytic enzyme from Bacillus subtilis D21-8 (Pan et al, 2019a). Furthermore, use of different statistical tools such as Box-Benhken design (Kumar et al, 2018), two-level full factorial design (2 5 ) (Vijayaraghavan et al, 2016a;Vijayaraghavan et al, 2016b), response surface methodology (RSM), central composite design (CCD) and artificial neural network (ANN) (Chandramohan, et al, 2019;Joji et al, 2019), as well as orthogonal experiment (Wu et al, 2019) have been reported to optimize the concentration of media components used for fermentation to obtain fibrinolytic enzymes in order to enhance their production yield.…”