Purification, characterization and comparison of reptile lysozymes

Thammasirirak, Sompong; Ponkham, Pornpimol; Preecharram, Sutthidech; Khanchanuan, Rathakarn; Phonyothee, Phalakorn; Daduang, Sakda; Srisomsap, Chantragan; Araki, Toshimitsu; Svasti, Jisnuson

doi:10.1016/j.cbpc.2006.02.004

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Liu et al (2007) demonstrated the anti-tumor effect of extracts of the lizard Gecko japonicus, which is widely utilized in Chinese traditional medicine. The lysozymes of the turtles Trionyx sinensis, Amyda cartilagenea and Chelonia mydas demonstrated a strong antibacterial activity (Thammasirirak et al, 2006).…”

Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial activity of natural products from the skins of the semiarid living lizards Ameiva ameiva (Linnaeus, 1758) and Tropidurus hispidus (Spix, 1825)

Santos¹,

Coutinho²,

Matias³

et al. 2012

Journal of Arid Environments

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Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial activity of natural products from the skins of the semiarid living lizards Ameiva ameiva (Linnaeus, 1758) and Tropidurus hispidus (Spix, 1825)

Santos¹,

Coutinho²,

Matias³

et al. 2012

Journal of Arid Environments

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“…Lysozymes are enzymes that can cause the lysis of bacteria by hydrolysis of their cell wall, and have been isolated from lizards and several species of turtles (Gayen et al, 1977;Ingram and Molyneux, 1983;Araki et al, 1998;Thammasirirak et al, 2006). Lysozyme from the Indian soft-shelled turtle (Trionyx gangeticus) was shown to have similar enzymatic properties when compared with hen lysozyme, and the small differences found were attributed to differences in their primary structure (Gayen et al, 1977).…”

Section: Innate Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lysozyme from the Indian soft-shelled turtle (Trionyx gangeticus) was shown to have similar enzymatic properties when compared with hen lysozyme, and the small differences found were attributed to differences in their primary structure (Gayen et al, 1977). A comparison of lysozymes from the Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis), Asiatic soft-shelled turtle (Amyda cartilagenea) and green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) found that while each had varying degrees of lytic ability against several strains of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, none were effective against the bacteria strains that were the most pathogenic to reptile species (Thammasirirak et al, 2006).…”

Section: Innate Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the vertebrate immune system: insights from the reptilian perspective

Zimmerman

Vogel

Bowden

2010

Journal of Experimental Biology

354

344

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Summary Reptiles are ectothermic amniotes, providing the key link between ectothermic anamniotic fishes and amphibians, and endothermic amniotic birds and mammals. A greater understanding of reptilian immunity will provide important insights into the evolutionary history of vertebrate immunity as well as the growing field of eco-immunology. Like mammals, reptile immunity is complex and involves innate, cell-mediated and humoral compartments but, overall, there is considerably less known about immune function in reptiles. We review the current literature on each branch of the reptilian immune system, placing this information in context to other vertebrates. Further, we identify key areas that are prime for research as well as areas that are lagging because of lack of reagents in non-model systems.

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“…The protein bands were electrotransferred onto a polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane (Problot, Applied Biosystems, USA). The Sol gem 2 band was cut out and sent for automated Edman degradation analysis at the Scientific Equipment Center, Prince of Songkla University, as described previously by Thammasirirak et al (34).…”

Section: Amino Acid Sequence Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the allergen Sol gem 2 from the fire ant venom, Solenopsis geminata

Sukprasert¹,

Uawonggul²,

Jamjanya³

et al. 2012

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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Sol i 2 is a potent allergen in Solenopsis invicta venom, and most humans exhibit reactivity to it. The Sol gem 2 allergen found in the venom of the Thai tropical fire ant Solenopsis geminata was analysed in the present study. The protein was present in higher amounts than other proteins, as determined by SDS-PAGE, and presumably has allergenic properties similar to those of Sol i 2. Sol gem 2 molecular weight is 28 and 15 kDa, respectively, under non-reducing and reducing conditions, indicating that its native form is a dimer. LC-MS/MS analysis confirmed its similarity to Sol i 2. The mono/dimeric form of Sol gem 2 was determined to be relevant by proteomic approach and immunoblotting. An anti-Sol gem 2 antibody was produced in mice, with a titer greater than 1:800 according to the Western blotting analysis. The Sol gem 2-neutralising activity of this antibody was determined in crickets. The paralytic dose 50 (PD 50 ) of crude S. geminata venom was elevated from 0.18 mg/g of body weight to more than 0.90 mg/g of body weight after preincubation with antibody at a ratio of 1:1. These results suggest that Sol gem 2 plays an important role in mediating the effects of the piperidine derivatives in the venom.Key words: allergy, ant venom, hymenoptera, immunoreactivity. Original PaPer The Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases ISSN 1678-9199 | 2012 | volume 18 | issue 3 | pages 325-334 INTRODUCTIONVenomous insects such as bees, wasps, hornets, yellow jackets and fire ants belong to the order Hymenoptera. These insects have a stinging apparatus at the tail end of their abdominal segment and still comprise a serious problem in tropical climates. Every year, a large number of people are stung by these insects (1). The stings are capable of delivering between 100 ng (fire ants) and 50 μg (bees) of venom (2, 3). The venom is injected from a gland through the stinger and is used to catch prey and to defend against predators. The venom of these insects is composed of various biologically active peptide and protein components, some of which can cause toxicity or anaphylaxis in humans (4).Fire ants (Solenopsis sp.) are members of the Formicidae family. The medically important aggressive species are S. invicta, S. richteri, S. geminata and S. saevissima (5, 6). The venom components of these ants and their immunoreactivity have been extensively studied. Approximately 95% of fire ant venom consists of water-insoluble piperidine alkaloids, and approximately 0.1% of its weight (10 to 100 ng of protein in 0.04 to 0.11 μL per sting) is protein (7). The toxicity of the venom is thought to be due to solenopsins and methyl-, alkylor alkenyl-substituted piperidines (7-9). The venom has cytotoxic, insecticidal, antibiotic and antimicrobial properties as well (7,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). The protein components of venom, which are wellknown allergens, are believed to play important roles in accelerating the spread of solenopsins to nearby cells and tissues. Solenopsins are believed t...

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Purification, characterization and comparison of reptile lysozymes

Cited by 26 publications

References 50 publications

Antimicrobial activity of natural products from the skins of the semiarid living lizards Ameiva ameiva (Linnaeus, 1758) and Tropidurus hispidus (Spix, 1825)

Antimicrobial activity of natural products from the skins of the semiarid living lizards Ameiva ameiva (Linnaeus, 1758) and Tropidurus hispidus (Spix, 1825)

Understanding the vertebrate immune system: insights from the reptilian perspective

Characterization of the allergen Sol gem 2 from the fire ant venom, Solenopsis geminata

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