Purification and Characterization of Xylanase from Spent Mushroom Compost and its Application in Saccharification of Biomass Wastes

Abstract

The activities of xylanase extracted from spent mushroom composts (SMCs) of Coprinus comatus, Auricularia auricular, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus citrinopileatus, Agrocybe cylindracea, Hericium erinaceus, Hypsizygus marmoreus, and Tremella fuciformis were investigated. The crude extract from T. fuciformis SMC showed high xylanase activity with a value of 255.2 U/mg. Furthermore, this xylanase was purified using a combination of ammonium sulfate precipitation, diethylaminoethylcellulose (DEAE-cellulose), and gel filtration column chromatography. The enzyme was purified 20.7-fold with a yield of 43.1% and activity of 5293.8 U/mg. The purified xylanase showed maximum activity at 50 °C and pH 6, retained 80% activity after 1 h incubation at 50 °C, and sustained stability over a wide range of pH values (2 to 10). Under the optimal conditions, the enzyme exhibited a Km value of 2.5 mg/mL towards birchwood xylan. The activity of xylanase was enhanced in the presence of Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Ba 2+ , NH4 + , and Tween 80, while some metal ions, particularly Fe 3+ , inhibited its activity. The saccharification of several biomass wastes using the crude xylanase enzyme was studied. The results showed the potential for saccharification of alkaline-pretreated wheat bran solution where 75% saccharification was achieved.

Heterologous expression and functional characterization of a GH10 endoxylanase from Aspergillus fumigatus var. niveus with potential biotechnological application

“…5). Several studies report that the presence of ion Ca 2+ in concentrations between 1 to 10 mM plays an important role on enzyme function and stability corroborating with the effect observed in AFUMN-GH10 and xylanases from P. citrinum [47] , Tramella fuciformis [55], A. niger [56] and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri [49].…”

Sustainable use of the spent mushroom substrate of Pleurotus florida for production of lignocellulolytic enzymes

“…(P. florida, P. ostreatus, P. flabellatus, and P. pulmonarius) ranged from 304.4 ± 3.1 to 486.7 ± 3.6 U/mg. Maximum activity of xylanase was observed from SMS of P. pulmonarius (486.7 ± 3.6 U/mg) which is significantly higher than that in the earlier reports by Lin et al [39] which showed the highest xylanase activity of 255.2 U/mg in the SMS extract from Tremella fuciformis. Among the Pleurotus spp.…”

“…Fungal laccases are reported to have wider industrial applications, such as decolorization, detoxification, bleaching of pulps, removal of phenolics from wine, and in biosensor manufacturing [38]. Xylanase is a crucial factor in determining the hydrolysis effectiveness of cellulolytic enzyme complex [39]. Recently, xylanase has received substantial industrial interest as a supplement in ethanol and xylitol production, in animal feed, for manufacturing of bread and alcoholic beverages, and bleaching of cellulose pulps in textiles [40].…”

“…SMS is rich in nutrients and contains cellulose (38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46).6%), lignin (25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34).5%), hemicellulose (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27).7%), and other organic matter that make up to 645 to 703.6 g/kg [9]. Recently, SMS has received great attention as a source of reducing sugars in biorefineries for production of biofuel and other biomolecules [10,11].…”

Enzymatic Activity of Mikromycetes Isolated from Thermal Water Sources of Azerbaijan

“…However, the enzymes synthesized by the fungi Humicola lanuginosa, Mucor corymbifer and Mucor pusillus open up new perspectives for the use of their enzymes in various biotechnological processes, especially in the bioconversion of plant waste (14,20) because, their enzymes systems are balanced by the activity of all enzymes catalyzing the main polymers that including in the composition of plant waste.…”