Purification and characterization of vaccinia virus growth factor

Stroobant, Paul; Rice, Andrew P.; Gullick, William J.; Cheng, Dorothy J.; Kerr, Ian M.; Waterfield, Michael D.

doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(85)80133-1

Cited by 234 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…An example of a growth factor synthesized as a soluble precursor that must be activated is TGF-i3. Growth factors synthesized as large precursors that remain associated with the plasma membrane include EGF (Gray et al, 1983;Mroczkowski et al, 1989), TGF-a (Derynck et al, 1984;Lee et al, 1985), CSF-1 (Stein et al, 1990), TNF-a (Perez et al, 1990), kit-ligand (Anderson et al, 1990), vaccinia virus growth factor (VGF) (Stroobant et al, 1985), and amphiregulin (Plowman et al, 1990). An advantage of this type of restriction on growth factor action is that during processes such as development, hematopoiesis, and cell killing, discrete signaling might occur that requires stimulation of one cell type exclusively by adjacent cells (Perez et al, 1990;Stein et al, 1990).…”

Section: Regulation In Time and Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

The extracellular regulation of growth factor action.

Flaumenhaft

Rifkin

1992

MBoC

163

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Section: Regulation In Time and Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

The extracellular regulation of growth factor action.

Flaumenhaft

Rifkin

1992

MBoC

163

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“…Others are Shope rabbit fibroma virus and Yaba monkey tumour virus which induce fibromas and histiocytomas respectively. Induction of epidermal cell proliferation by poxviruses is of interest following recent studies demonstrating that a vaccinia virus Mr 19 000 (19K) polypeptide is structurally and functionally homologous to epidermal growth factor (EGF) and to c~-transforming growth factor (~-TGF) Blomquist et al, 1984;Reisner, 1985 ;Stroobant et al, 1985;Twardzik et al, 1985;King et 0000-7486 © 1987SGM al., 1986. However, these growth factor genes do not possess homology at the DNA level (Venkatesan et al, 1982;Lee et al, 1985;Derynck et al, 1984;Scott et al, 1983;Gray et al, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Physical Mapping of Molluscum Contagiosum Virus DNA and Location of a Sequence Capable of Encoding a Conserved Domain of Epidermal Growth Factor

Porter

Archard

1987

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYDNA from Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) isolates was analysed by restriction endonuclease cleavage, revealing two virus subtypes. Physical maps of cleavage sites for BamHI, Clal and HindIII were constructed, and found to differ extensively between the two subtypes. MCV DNA was similar to Orthopoxvirus DNA with respect to size, terminal cross-linking and the presence of inverted terminal repetitions, but did not hybridize with vaccinia virus DNA. The genomes of the two MCV subtypes crosshybridized and were colinear except for two small regions. There was sequence homology between DNA from corresponding map regions of the MCV subtypes but, in contrast to Orthopoxvirus DNA, no conservation of restriction sites. A synthetic oligonucleotide probe representing a conserved domain of epidermal growth factor, c~-transforming growth factor and the vaccinia growth factor identified equivalent regions of both MCV genomes as having the potential to encode this domain. This locus is similar to the position of the vaccinia growth factor gene in vaccinia virus DNA. Thus MCV may induce epidermal cell proliferation and tumourigenesis by expression of an epidermal growth factor-like polypeptide. INTRODUCTIONMolluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) is an unclassified poxvirus of man which induces benign skin tumours. Transmission is mechanical and, in adults, may be venereal. The skin lesion consists of a localized mass of hypertrophied and hyperplastic epidermis extending down into the underlying dermis and projecting above the surface as a papule. The rate of cell division in the basal layer is several times that of normal skin. The lower cells of the stratum spinosum contain characteristic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies resulting from virus replication, which enlarge as the infected cells migrate through the stratum granulosum towards the surface. These molluscum bodies are trapped in the horny layer by a fibrous network which dissolves in the centre of the lesion forming a central core composed primarily of virus. The disease is selflimiting but lesions may be curetted or the virus-rich core collected. Attempts to propagate virus in vitro have not been successful (Postlethwaite, 1970). Parr et al. (1977) studied the MCV genome by electron microscopy and showed by partial denaturation that it is a terminally cross-linked molecule of about 180 kb. They also demonstrated three different BamHI cleavage patterns of DNA from MCV isolates. Dural et aL (1986) have reported two viral subtypes on the basis of different cleavage patterns.MCV is one of several tumourigenic poxviruses. Others are Shope rabbit fibroma virus and Yaba monkey tumour virus which induce fibromas and histiocytomas respectively. Induction of epidermal cell proliferation by poxviruses is of interest following recent studies demonstrating that a vaccinia virus Mr 19 000 (19K) polypeptide is structurally and functionally homologous to epidermal growth factor (EGF) and to c~-transforming growth factor (~-TGF) (Brown et al.,

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“…Transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-x), amphiregulin (AR), vaccinia virus growth factor (VVGF), heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) and betacellulin bind to the EGFR which is present on cells derived from all three germ layers, including the proliferative compartment of epithelia (De Larco and Todaro, 1978;Gusterson et al, 1984;Nanney et al, 1984;Stroobant et al, 1985;Shoyab et al, 1989;Higashiyama et al, 1991;Sasada et al, 1993). The biological activities are initiated through a tyrosine kinase which is localised to the intracellular domain of EGFR (Chen et al, 1987).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%