Purification and characterization of Epstein-Barr virus gp340/220 produced by a bovine papillomavirus virus expression vector system

Madej, Monika; Conway, Margaret J; Morgan, Andrew; Sweet, Jill D.; Wallace, L. E.; Qualtiere, Louis F.; Arrand, John R.; Mackett, Mike

doi:10.1016/0264-410x(92)90513-j

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In previous studies the protective immunity generated by iscoms in a variety of experimental models of viral infections was correlated with the raising of circulating antibodies with virus-neutralizing activity [24][25][26]. Throughout the programme of EBV vaccine development in subhuman primates it has been noted that protection from infection or disease did not correlate closely with levels of neutralizing antibodies [15,19,27,28]. From the present study it is not possible to determine whether or not neutralizing antibodies and the protection are correlated because mice are not a target for EBV infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Quillaja saponaria Triterpenoid Content on the Immunomodulatory Capacity of Epstein–Barr Virus Iscoms

et al. 1997

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The immune responses to immunostimulating complexes (iscoms) containing recombinant Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) gp340 envelope protein was evaluated in BALB/c (H-2 d ) and CBA (H-2 k ) mice. Gp340-iscoms were used either with a low content of Quillaja triterpenoid adjuvant (L-iscoms) or supplemented with additional Quillaja adjuvant in the form of iscomatrix (S-iscoms). Class and subclass distribution of antigp340 antibodies, EBV-neutralizing antibodies, antigen-specific T cell proliferation and cytokine production were determined and these results compared to those obtained by immunization with non-adjuvated gp340. The H-2 d and H-2 k mice were characterized as low or high responders in respect to the level of specific antigp340 antibodies, secretion of IgG2a isotype, antigen-specific lymphoproliferative capacity, interferon-g (IFN-g) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) production in the basic immunizations with gp340. While presentation of the antigen in iscom formulations with low levels of Quillaja triterpenoids induces a moderate enhancement of the immune responses in the low responder H-2 d mice, supplementation with high levels of iscomatrix immunomodulator was required to enhance the immune responses in the high responder H-2 k mice. In both mouse strains subcutaneous immunization with S-iscoms resulted in a significant increase of IgG1-and IgG2a-specific antibodies, as well as in strong antigen-specific proliferative response confirmed by the simultaneous cytokine production. The enhanced antigen-specific secretion of IL-2 and IFN-g together with the abrogation of IL-10 and the absence of IL-4 indicates that the responses were driven towards a Th1-type rather than Th2-type immune response. The S-iscom formulations minimized the differences in immune responses between the two mouse strains, but the capacity of immune sera to neutralize EBV transformation in vitro remained completely strain-dependent. These data indicate that immune responses generated by iscoms can be manipulated by altering the triterpenoid composition of the iscoms and that the levels of triterpenoids can determine whether or not a Th1-type response is made.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The EBV gp340 was produced using a bovine papilloma virus expression system in C127 cells [19] and harvested from tissue culture supernatants. The glycoprotein was purified by ion exchange chromatography [19,20]. The recombinant EBV gp340 was used to prepare L-iscoms by the urea treatment method [21].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Quillaja saponaria Triterpenoid Content on the Immunomodulatory Capacity of Epstein–Barr Virus Iscoms

et al. 1997

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“…The recombinant gp350 (rgp350) preparation used was a gift from Dr. G. Roberts (British Biotechnology, Oxford, U.K.). When examined on silver-stained 5% SDS-polyacrylamide gel, the protein was of the expected size (data not shown), and its immunological activity was similar to that of authentic EBV-gp350 (34).…”

Section: Cytokines and Reagentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epstein-Barr Virus Promotes Human Monocyte Survival and Maturation through a Paracrine Induction of IFN-α

Salek-Ardakani

Lyons

Arrand

2004

The Journal of Immunology

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The role of monocytes and macrophages during EBV infection is not clear. The interaction of EBV with human monocytes was investigated in terms of cell survival and morphological and phenotypic changes to gain a better understanding of the role of these cells during EBV infection. We show that EBV infection of PBMCs rescues monocytes from undergoing spontaneous apoptosis and dramatically enhances their survival. Results obtained with heat-inactivated virus, neutralizing anti-EBV mAb 72A1 and recombinant gp350, suggest that enhancement of viability by EBV requires both infectious virus and interaction between gp350 and its receptor. IFN-α either secreted within 24 h from PBMCs upon infection with EBV or exogenously added to unstimulated monocytes inhibited spontaneous apoptosis, indicating that induction of IFN-α is an early important survival signal responsible for the delay in the apoptosis of monocytes. EBV infection also induced acute maturation of monocytes to macrophages with morphological and phenotypic characteristics of potent APCs. Monocytes exposed to EBV became larger in size with increased granularity and expressed considerably higher levels of membrane HLA classes I and II, ICAM-1, CD80, CD86, and CD40 compared with uninfected cultures. These observations provide the first immunoregulatory links among EBV, IFN-α, and monocyte survival and maturation and importantly raise the possibility that these cells may serve as a vehicle for the dissemination of the virus as well as being active participants in eliciting anti-EBV T cell responses during acute infection.

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“…33 EBV antibodypositive and -negative human sera were obtained from healthy laboratory personnel and from patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Antibody titers to the EBV nuclear antigens and viral capsid antigen were determined by anticomplement-enhanced immunofluorescence staining or indirect immunofluorescence, respectively.…”

Section: Mutated Viral Strains Ebv-specific Antibodies and Purifiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epstein-Barr virus inhibits the development of dendritic cells by promoting apoptosis of their monocyte precursors in the presence of granulocyte macrophage–colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4

Liu

Hutt-Fletcher

et al. 2002

Blood

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Purification and characterization of Epstein-Barr virus gp340/220 produced by a bovine papillomavirus virus expression vector system

Cited by 25 publications

References 40 publications

Influence of Quillaja saponaria Triterpenoid Content on the Immunomodulatory Capacity of Epstein–Barr Virus Iscoms

Influence of Quillaja saponaria Triterpenoid Content on the Immunomodulatory Capacity of Epstein–Barr Virus Iscoms

Epstein-Barr Virus Promotes Human Monocyte Survival and Maturation through a Paracrine Induction of IFN-α

Epstein-Barr virus inhibits the development of dendritic cells by promoting apoptosis of their monocyte precursors in the presence of granulocyte macrophage–colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4

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