Purification and Characterization of Chitinase Produced by Endophytic &lt;i&gt;St&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;re&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;ptomyceshygroscopicus&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;Against Some Phytopathogens

Haggag, Wafaa M.; Abdallh, ElhamG.

doi:10.5923/j.microbiology.20120205.06

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The amount of 4‐methylumbelliferone (4‐MU) released was measured spectrofluorometrically using a fluorescence spectrophotometer (excitation 390 nm and emission 450 nm). One unit (U) of chitinase activity was defined as the amount of enzyme required to release 1 μ mol of 4‐MU per min at 37°C (Haggag and Abdallh ). Protein concentration was determined by the Bradford method (Bradford ) using bovine serum albumin as standard.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial purification and characterization of chiIO8, a novel antifungal chitinase produced by Bacillus cereus IO8

Hammami¹,

Siala

Jridi

et al. 2013

J Appl Microbiol

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Aims: To investigate the distribution of chitinase IO8 in Bacillus cereus strains, the enhancing effects of the chitinase-producing B. cereus strains on biocontrol potential by dual culture assay and in vivo assay against Botrytis cinerea and also the enhancing effects of the chiIO8 on disinfectant properties against seedborne diseases. Moreover, the application of chiIO8 treatment was also observed to improve the germinative energy. Methods and Results: The purification steps included ammonium sulfate precipitation, with columns of DEAE-Sepharose anion-exchange chromatography and Sephacryl S-400 high-resolution gel chromatography. The method gave a 5Á8-fold increase in the specific activity and had a yield of 17%. The molecular weight of the partially purified chitinase chiIO8 was found to be around 30 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The optimal pH and optimal temperature of the partially purified chitinase were pH 6Á5 and 65°C, respectively. The thermostable chitinase still retained the activity after incubation for 100 min at 65°C, and it was increased about 1Á25 times than that of the control (before heating) when the enzyme solution heated at 65°C for 60 min. The partially purified chitinase chiIO8 displays a wide inhibitory spectrum towards all phytopathogenic fungi tested. chiIO8 also exhibited effective disinfectant properties against seed-borne diseases. Conclusion: The present investigation emphasizes the potential of chitinaseproducing micro-organism as promising biocontrol agents of fungal plant pathogens with chitinous cell wall. The novel chitinase chiIO8 proved an efficient, environmentally safe and user-friendly solution. Significance and Impact of the Study: This is the first investigation devoted exclusively to analyse the distribution of chitinase in B. cereus. It infers that the chitinase produced by B. cereus might play a role in the activity of the biopesticide.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial purification and characterization of chiIO8, a novel antifungal chitinase produced by Bacillus cereus IO8

Hammami¹,

Siala

Jridi

et al. 2013

J Appl Microbiol

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“…Apart from to the aforementioned substances, endophytes can attach to the surface of fruit and vegetables or directly parasitize on the mycelium of pathogens, forming a biofilm, and secrete hydrolases such as chitinase and glucanase to degrade the cell wall and mycelium of pathogens. For example, the chitinase produced by endophytic Bacillus can obviously inhibit the growth of F. moniliforme , 155 and the chitinase produced by endophytic Streptomyces hygroscopicus can inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum , A. alternata , Aspergillus niger , Aspergillus flavus, and B. cinerea 156 …”

Section: Possible Mechanism Of Endophytes Enhancing Resistance Of Posmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of microbial endophytes to enhance the resistance to postharvest diseases of fruit and vegetables

Huang

Ren

et al. 2020

J Sci Food Agric

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Food loss of fruit and vegetables caused by postharvest diseases is a major issue worldwide. The method used to prevent and control postharvest diseases is usually to use chemical fungicides, but long‐term and large‐scale use will make the pathogens resistant and potentially have a negative impact on human health and the ecological environment. Therefore, finding a safe and effective biological control method instead of chemical control is a hot research topic in recent years. Endophytes, colonizing plants asymptomatically, can promote the growth of the hosts and enhance their resistance. The use of endophytes as biological control agents for postharvest diseases of fruit and vegetables has attracted increasing attention in the last 20 years. Compared with chemical control, endophytes have the advantages of being more environmentally friendly, sustainable, and safer. However, there are relatively few relevant studies, so herein we summarize the available literature. This review focuses mainly on the recent progress of using endophytes to enhance the resistance of postharvest fruit and vegetables to diseases, with the emphasis on the possible mechanisms and the potential applications. Furthermore, this article suggests future areas for study using antagonistic endophytes to prevent and control fruit and vegetable postharvest diseases: (i) screening more potential broad‐spectrum anti‐pathogen endophytes and their metabolic active substances by the method of macrogenomics; (ii) elucidating the underlining molecular mechanism among endophytes, harvested vegetables and fruit, pathogens, and microbial communities; (iii) needing more application research to overcome the difficulties of commercialization practice. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…These pathogens attack many crops and therefore, chitinases are used for crop protection [52]. Many bacterial chitinases like from Bacillus pumilus [79], Stenotrophomonas maltophilia [37], Streptomyces hygroscopicus [36] and Bacillus subtilis [80] are reported to have fungicidal properties. Due to the role of chitinase in fungal growth and development, it is gaining attention as biocontrol agent [81].…”

Section: Bio-control Of Phytopathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and Biotechnological Applications of Chitinase: A Review

Dukariya¹,

Kumar²

2020

ijbb

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Chitinases are a group of hydrolytic enzymes catalysing degradation of chitin, the second most abundant polysaccharide in nature. Chitin is an essential structural component of most fungi cell walls, and exoskeleton of insects and crustaceans. Chitinases are synthesized in wide variety of organisms including plants, vertebrates, invertebrates, microbes (bacteria and fungi) and viruses. They perform various functions in different organisms depending upon the requirement of organisms like defense against pathogens and nutritional purpose. Nowadays chitinolytic enzymes have attracted global attention because of their different biotechnological and biomedical applications due to their hydrolytic activity on chitin and thus several chitinases have been reported and characterized. They are used mainly for biodegradation of chitin into beneficial compounds. These compounds have been illustrated to enhance human health through their antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumor and anti-inflammatory properties. Chitinases have also been exploited for bio-control of phytopathogens and insects. Apart from these, the crucial use of chitinases in present time is in management of chitinous waste thus they have the potential to become essential tools in future green application. The present review focuses on the occurrence and varied distribution of chitinases. Here we also took a closer look at recent applications of chitinase in various fields.

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Purification and Characterization of Chitinase Produced by Endophytic <i>St</i><i>re</i><i>ptomyceshygroscopicus</i><i> </i>Against Some Phytopathogens

Cited by 23 publications

References 17 publications

Partial purification and characterization of chiIO8, a novel antifungal chitinase produced by Bacillus cereus IO8

Partial purification and characterization of chiIO8, a novel antifungal chitinase produced by Bacillus cereus IO8

Potential of microbial endophytes to enhance the resistance to postharvest diseases of fruit and vegetables

Distribution and Biotechnological Applications of Chitinase: A Review

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