Purification and characterization of adhesive exopolysaccharides from Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas fluorescens

Abstract

In this study, the adhesive exopolysaccharides of strains of Pseudomonas putida and P. fluorescens, both isolated from freshwater epilithic communities, were examined with regard to their chemical composition, biosynthesis, and their role in adhesion. Electron microscopy showed that both strains were enrobed in fibrous glycocalyces and that these structures were involved in attachment of the cells to a solid surface and as structural matrices in the microcolony mode of growth. In batch culture experiments most of the extracellular polysaccharide of both strains was found to be soluble in the growth medium rather than being associated with bacterial cells. Exopolysaccharide was synthesized during all phases of growth, but when growth was limited by exhaustion of the carbon source, exopolysaccharide synthesis ceased whereas exopolysaccharide synthesis continued for some time after cessation of growth in nitrogen-limited cultures. Exopolysaccharide from both strains was isolated and purified. Pseudomonas putida synthesized an exopolysaccharide composed of glucose, galactose, and pyruvate in a ratio of 1:1:1; the P. fluorescens polymer contained glucose, galactose, and pyruvate in a ratio of 1:1:0.5, respectively. Polymers from both strains were acetylated to a variable degree.

Comparative Analysis of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Biofilm Formation on Gallstones and on Glass

“…3). Most likely salmonella biofilms are composed of multiple sugars, as has been demonstrated for other bacterial biofilms (5,24,27,31). The observed ruthenium red staining indicates that these minor components allow for early microcolony development in the bcs mutant without cellulase but are lost due to lack of further biofilm development.…”

Biofilm Formation and Interaction with the Surfaces of Gallstones by Salmonella spp

“…Most bacteria produce an EPS within a biofilm for protection and stability, but the compositions of the matrices can differ greatly. P. aeruginosa produces an EPS, alginate, that is made up of glucose, galactose, and pyruvate (29). V. cholerae makes Vps, whose primary components are glucose, galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, and xylose (40).…”

Biofilm formation by Pseudomonas fluorescens WCS365: a role for LapD

“…In Rhizobium meliloti, mutants unable to produce EPSII or succinolglycan are stained by Sudan black, whereas the wild-type remains unstained (Liu et al, 1998). P. fluorescens and P. putida have been shown to produce galactoglucans which have been implicated in biofilm formation (Read & Costerton, 1987). There was no difference in Sudan black staining between the wild-type and the DlapD mutant.…”