Purely Behavioral: A Scoping Review of Nonpharmacological Behavioral and Lifestyle Interventions to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease in Persons Living With HIV

Ramos, S. Raquel; O'Hare, Olivia M; Colon, Ailene Hernandez; Jacobs, Susan Kaplan; Campbell, Brynne; Kershaw, Trace; Vorderstrasse, Allison; Reynolds, Harmony R.

doi:10.1097/jnc.0000000000000230

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The first outlined a framework for using eHealth interventions for chronic illness prevention in sexual-minority men of color [ 39 ]. The second manuscript was a scoping review assessing nonpharmacologic behavioral and lifestyle interventions to prevent CVD in persons with HIV [ 87 ]. Moreover, aim 1 data collection is 87% complete.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Education Using a Virtual Environment in Sexual-Minority Men of Color With HIV: Protocol for a Sequential, Mixed Method, Waitlist Randomized Controlled Trial

Ramos¹,

Johnson²,

Melkus³

et al. 2022

JMIR Res Protoc

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Background It is estimated that 70% of all deaths each year in the United States are due to chronic conditions. Cardiovascular disease (CVD), a chronic condition, is the leading cause of death in ethnic and racial minority males. It has been identified as the second most common cause of death in persons with HIV. By the year 2030, it is estimated that 78% of persons with HIV will be diagnosed with CVD. Objective We propose the first technology-based virtual environment intervention to address behavioral, modifiable risk factors associated with cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities in sexual-minority men of color with HIV. Methods This study will be guided using social cognitive theory and the Technology Acceptance Model. A sequential, mixed method, waitlist controlled randomized control feasibility trial will be conducted. Aim 1 is to qualitatively explore perceptions of cardiovascular risk in 15 participants. Aim 2 is to conduct a waitlist controlled comparison to test if a virtual environment is feasible and acceptable for CVD prevention, based on web-based, self-assessed, behavioral, and psychosocial outcomes in 80 sexual-minority men of color with HIV. Results The study was approved by the New York University Institutional Review Board in 2019, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston in 2020, and by the Yale University Institutional Review Board in February 2022. As of April 2022, aim 1 data collection is 87% completed. We expect to complete data collection for aim 1 by April 30, 2022. Recruitment for aim 2 will begin mid-May 2022. Conclusions This study will be the first online virtual environment intervention for CVD prevention in sexual-minority men of color with HIV. We anticipate that the intervention will be beneficial for CVD prevention education and building peer social supports, resulting in change or modification over time in risk behaviors for CVD. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05242952; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05242952 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/38348

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Education Using a Virtual Environment in Sexual-Minority Men of Color With HIV: Protocol for a Sequential, Mixed Method, Waitlist Randomized Controlled Trial

Ramos¹,

Johnson²,

Melkus³

et al. 2022

JMIR Res Protoc

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“…Basically, PLWH are living longer, but some concomitant cardio-metabolic disorders are increasing due to viral processes, drugs, and physiological aging [63]. Compared to healthy subjects, PLWH often develop cardiovascular disease at a younger median age [64]. It is important to highlight that systematic physical exercise could decrease mortality from all causes by increasing cardiorespiratory and musculoskeletal fitness, balance, flexibility, or speed [62].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying the Changes in Physical Functioning and Oxidative Stress-Related Molecules in People Living with HIV after Switching from Triple to Dual Therapy

Cusato,

Mulasso,

Ferrara

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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Background: Physical activity could increase the production of oxidative stress biomarkers, affecting the metabolism and excretion of antiretroviral drugs and, consequently, the clinical outcome. Nowadays, people living with HIV (PLWH) are mostly switching from triple to dual therapy, but no data are available in terms of physical functioning and oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate if some antioxidant biomarkers and physical functioning tests could be different according to triple or dual antiretroviral therapy. Methods: PLWH were evaluated at baseline (BL), while treated with three drugs, and six months after the switch to dual therapy. Physical functioning was quantified using validated tools. Mitochondrial and cytosol antioxidant molecules were evaluated through liquid chromatography. Results: Twenty-five patients were analyzed. A statistically significant difference between triple and dual therapy was found for mitochondrial glutathione, but not for physical tests. Evaluating differences between physically active and inactive individuals, the following statistically significant differences were suggested, considering triple therapy (mitochondrial n-formyl-methionine p = 0.022, triglycerides p = 0.023) and double therapy (mitochondrial glycine p = 0.035, cytosol glutamic acid p = 0.007, cytosol s-adenosylmethionine p = 0.021). Conclusions: For the first time, this study suggests possible differences in terms of antioxidant molecules and physical functioning in PLWH switching from triple to dual therapy.

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“…Several pilot studies have evaluated the lifestyle of PLWH. In a meta‐analysis evaluating the effects of interventions for HIV‐related dyslipidemia, the authors found that most studies had evaluated nutrient supplementation, and only a few studies evaluated dietary or physical activity interventions (Ramos et al, 2021; Stradling et al, 2012). For dietary interventions, most studies followed the recommendations of the US National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP), with inconsistent and limited reporting of their effectiveness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a smartphone app‐based diet and physical activity program for men living with HIV who have dyslipidemia: A pilot randomized controlled trial

Aomori

Matsumoto

Takebayashi

et al. 2023

Japan Journal Nursing Sci

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Aims People living with HIV are at a high risk for cardiovascular disease owing to antiretroviral therapy use and chronic inflammation. There is limited evidence on the evaluation of serum lipid levels through lifestyle modification. This study aims to evaluate the effect of a smartphone application‐based diet and exercise improvement program on men living with HIV and dyslipidemia. Methods This was a randomized controlled trial recruiting Japanese men living with HIV who have dyslipidemia: intervention group (n = 19) and control group (n = 19). The intervention group received a third individual guidance session during the 6‐month intervention and was encouraged to record their diet on a smartphone application. An intention‐to‐treat analysis of the results was conducted. Results The intervention group showed significantly reduced change in low‐density lipoprotein levels compared to the control group (−4.00 ± 20.2 mg/dL vs. 10.11 ± 21.1 mg/dL) (p = .042) from baseline to 6 months post‐intervention. No significant differences were found in other serum lipid levels. Abdominal circumference decreased significantly in the intervention group (p = .048) from baseline to 6 months post‐intervention. Total energy, protein, carbohydrate, fat, and salt intake, dietary and physical activity behavior change stages and social support, dietary self‐efficacy, and loneliness significantly improved in the intervention group (p < .05) from baseline to 6 months post‐intervention. Conclusions A diet and physical activity improvement program using a smartphone application based on Japanese‐specific health guidance may reduce low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in this population. Further sample expansion and examination of long‐term effects are needed.

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Purely Behavioral: A Scoping Review of Nonpharmacological Behavioral and Lifestyle Interventions to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease in Persons Living With HIV

Cited by 8 publications

References 56 publications

Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Education Using a Virtual Environment in Sexual-Minority Men of Color With HIV: Protocol for a Sequential, Mixed Method, Waitlist Randomized Controlled Trial

Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Education Using a Virtual Environment in Sexual-Minority Men of Color With HIV: Protocol for a Sequential, Mixed Method, Waitlist Randomized Controlled Trial

Studying the Changes in Physical Functioning and Oxidative Stress-Related Molecules in People Living with HIV after Switching from Triple to Dual Therapy

Effects of a smartphone app‐based diet and physical activity program for men living with HIV who have dyslipidemia: A pilot randomized controlled trial

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