Pure single line oscillation of HF lasers in fine atmospheric window

Computationally directed manipulation of cross-linked covalent organic frameworks for membrane applications

“…A more negative enthalpy of formation indicates greater thermodynamic favorability towards forming the geometry in question. 21,22 DH f was calculated for all cross-linked (XL) geometries and the non-cross-linked (3D) system following eqn ( 1) and ( 2), respectively. Although COF-Quin is a 2D-COF, the short-hand notation 3D has been assigned for stacked, noncross-linked COF-Quin.…”

“…The greater the cohesive energy, the more energy that is required to break the material and, therefore, the more stable the material. [21][22][23][24][25] The cohesive energy for the 3D system can be calculated following the same nomenclature used in eqn (2), however the reference state energy is replaced by the elements gaseous phase atomic energy (E i,atomic ). This was calculated by isolating an atom of type i in a 20 Å Â 20 Å Â 20 Å box and optimizing to determine the total energy.…”

Transparent spacecraft smart thermal control device based on VO2 and hyperbolic metamaterials

“…[15][16][17] Using the phase transition property of VO 2 , many studies have achieved variable emission. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] In the infrared (IR) region, VO 2 behaves as a metallic state with high reflection at high temperatures (T 4 T c ), while it behaves as an insulating state with high transmission at low temperatures (T o T c ). However, spacecraft thermal control devices require high-temperature high emission and lowtemperature low emission.…”