Pupil dilation as an indicator of future thinking

Haj, Mohamad El; Moustafa, Ahmed A.

doi:10.1007/s10072-020-04533-z

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Besides demonstrating preserved future thinking in the presence of retrograde amnesia, a key finding of this study is the larger pupil size during future than during past thinking in L, replicating our previous study in healthy participants [ 20 ]. This larger pupil size might be due to the cognitive load of future thinking.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Research has also demonstrated how pupil size can index future thinking. This issue was investigated by El Haj and Moustafa [ 20 ] who monitored the pupil size of healthy young adults in past and future thinking conditions. In the past thinking condition, the participants retrieved past personal events, while in the future thinking condition, they imagined an event that might occur in the future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results demonstrated a larger pupil size in the future thinking condition than in the past thinking condition. According to El Haj and Moustafa [ 20 ], while past and future thinking require information retrieval from memory, future thinking requires additional cognitive processes such as the ability to recombine the retrieved information into novel scenarios, thus calling upon additional cognitive processing that may increase pupil size during future thinking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The above-mentioned research [ 18 , 19 , 20 ] assessed pupil size during past and future thinking in healthy participants. Recently, we assessed pupil size during past thinking in a person with retrograde amnesia [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased Pupil Size during Future Thinking in a Subject with Retrograde Amnesia

Boutoleau‐Bretonnière

Lamy

Haj

2022

Brain Sciences

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Recent research has assessed pupil size during past thinking in patients with retrograde amnesia. Building on this research, we assessed pupil size during future thinking in a retrograde amnesia patient. To this end, we measured pupil size during past and future thinking in L, a 19-year-old, right-handed man free of neurological/psychiatric disorders except for retrograde amnesia that occurred after an episode of fugue. During a past thinking condition, we invited L to retrieve retrograde events (i.e., events that occurred before amnesia) and anterograde events (i.e., events that occurred after amnesia). During a future thinking condition, we invited him to imagine events that might occur the following week, the following month, and in the new year. Past and future thinking occurred while L’s pupil size was monitored with eye-tracking glasses. L demonstrated higher specificity during future than during past thinking. Critically, the results demonstrated a larger pupil size during future than during past thinking. The larger pupil size during future thinking observed in L can be attributed to the high cognitive load involved in future thinking. Our study not only demonstrates preserved future thinking in a patient with dissociative retrograde amnesia, but also shows that pupillometry can be used for the physiological assessment of future thinking in retrograde amnesia patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Increased Pupil Size during Future Thinking in a Subject with Retrograde Amnesia

Boutoleau‐Bretonnière

Lamy

Haj

2022

Brain Sciences

Self Cite

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“…We ascribe the success of these measures to the technological advancements in pupillometric devices, which led to higher sampling rates and more accurate measurement of pupil dilation than possible before. In the future, we anticipate the continued development of measures that exploit pupil dilation signals (El Haj and Moustafa, 2021;Maier and Grueschow, 2021).…”

Section: Recent Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye Movement and Pupil Measures: A Review

Mahanama

Jayawardana

Rengarajan

et al. 2022

Front. Comput. Sci.

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Our subjective visual experiences involve complex interaction between our eyes, our brain, and the surrounding world. It gives us the sense of sight, color, stereopsis, distance, pattern recognition, motor coordination, and more. The increasing ubiquity of gaze-aware technology brings with it the ability to track gaze and pupil measures with varying degrees of fidelity. With this in mind, a review that considers the various gaze measures becomes increasingly relevant, especially considering our ability to make sense of these signals given different spatio-temporal sampling capacities. In this paper, we selectively review prior work on eye movements and pupil measures. We first describe the main oculomotor events studied in the literature, and their characteristics exploited by different measures. Next, we review various eye movement and pupil measures from prior literature. Finally, we discuss our observations based on applications of these measures, the benefits and practical challenges involving these measures, and our recommendations on future eye-tracking research directions.

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