Pupal diapause development and termination is driven by low temperature chilling in Bactrocera minax

Dong, Yongcheng; Wang, Zhijian; Clarke, Anthony R.; Pereira, Rui; Desneux, Nicolas; Niu, Changying

doi:10.1007/s10340-013-0493-y

Cited by 60 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…3). Both Et 50 and starting day of emergence (SDE) in control groups were significantly reduced over the months because of the decreasing diapause intensity523, on the contrary they were kept constant about 45 and 40 days respectively in 20E treated groups (Table 1). Furthermore, the control SDE also had a significant difference between 20E-treated groups in November, December, January and February but not in March (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It has been reported that low chilling temperature has a significant effect on pupal diapause development and termination23. Low temperature has also been reported to moderate the 20E contents in some herbal plant, whereby a decrease in temperature led to an increase in 20E levels in the plant and vice versa 36.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is univoltine with long pupal diapause, which is a great obstacle for artificial rearing and development of control strategies against this pest. Pupal diapause in B. minax is obligatory and cannot be terminated if directly exposed to high temperature or if organic chemicals are topically applied2223. So far, several aspects of pupal diapause in the Chinese citrus fruit fly have been studied.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, several aspects of pupal diapause in the Chinese citrus fruit fly have been studied. Dong et al investigated the effects of low temperature chilling on pupal diapause development and termination23 and transcriptome characterization analysis of different pupal stages22. Lü et al characterized the diapause relative heat shock protein (Hsp) genes hsp23 , hsp70 and hsp90 24.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Pupal diapause termination in Bactrocera minax: an insight on 20-hydroxyecdysone induced phenotypic and genotypic expressions

Chen

Dong

Wang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The Chinese citrus fruit fly, Bactrocera minax, is an economically important pest of citrus. It exhibits pupal diapause from November to May to combat harsh environmental conditions. Such a long pupal diapause is a barrier for laboratory rearing and development of control strategies against this pest. In the present study, 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) was used to break pupal diapause of B. minax by topical application. After diapause termination by 20E treated, the pupal ontogenetic processes were observed along the temporal trajectory. The pupal response time to 20E was estimated by detecting the relative expression of 20E responsive genes at different times after 20E-treatment. Results revealed that 20E could effectively terminate the pupal diapause in a dose-dependent manner and significantly shorten the time for 50% adult emergence (Et50). 20E response genes, including ecr, broad and foxo, were up-regulated within 72h, indicating these genes are involved in pupal metamorphosis and diapause termination processes. Morphological changes showed the pupal metamorphosis began ~7 days after 20E-treatment at 22 °C. This study does not only pave the way for artificial rearing in the laboratory through manipulating of pupal diapause termination, but also deepens our understanding of the underlying pupal diapause termination mechanism of B. minax.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pupal diapause termination in Bactrocera minax: an insight on 20-hydroxyecdysone induced phenotypic and genotypic expressions

Chen

Dong

Wang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…Most pupae overwinter in the soil at a depth of 4 -6 cm [3] [4] [33]. Scientists in China generally agree that pupae go through a weak diapause [19] [27] [31] that requires some cold temperature threshold exposure to break the diapause [19] [31]. Topical application of hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone can terminate the diapause process [23].…”

Section: Life Cycle and Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of <i>Bactrocera minax</i> (Diptera: Tephritidae) in China for the Purpose of Safeguarding

Xia¹,

Ma²,

Hou³

et al. 2018

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The Chinese citrus fly, Bactrocera minax (Enderlein) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is the most destructive citrus pest in many citrus production areas in China. The pest is oligophagous, feeding exclusively on the fruits of citrus plants. The pest is univoltine, with adults emerging during April to May and overwintering as pupae. Evidence suggests that the region of origin of the species might be in the elevated temperate southern Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, spreading out through China's major waterway systems. Currently, B. minax occurs in nine citrus producing provinces in China, but mostly prominently in the five south central provinces or municipalities of Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, and Chongqing. Fruit infestations in these provinces are generally moderate to severe. The species is not reported in the four southern citrus production provinces of Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, and Hainan (island). Orchard sanitation such as collection and treatment of the fallen and hanging infested fruits, mass trapping by using various food-based traps with insecticides, and foliar and ground insecticide sprays are the primary pest management options. Sterile insect technology was studied in the field in the 1980s to 1990s, with promising outcomes. The two highly attractive kairomone lures used for many Bactrocera species, cuelure or methyl eugenol, are not attractive to this species. Hydrolyzed protein, sugar and vinegar mixture, and waste brewer's yeast are the most common lures being used in China. Published data indicated that the quality and efficacy of these lures are inconsistent and disputable. Visual cue lures such as colored sticky spheres are also being used in the field. Preliminary field studies suggested that female rectum extracts demonstrated high attraction to males as well as females of the species. Phytosanitary treatment studies in China focus on irradiation and cold treatment. The outcomes of irradiation appeared promising. When B. minax larvae were treated with an irradiation dose of 50 Gy, no adults emerged from the surviving pupae and larvae failed to pupate when the dose reached 70 Gy. No fruit quality was impacted by the treatment. Results from several small-scale cold treatment studies were less promising and inconsistent. One study indicated that under 0˚C constant treatment, no mortality of 3rd instar larvae occurred until day 12, and only 55% mortality occurred by day 22. The scientific and technological gaps in safeguarding US citrus industry from the invasion of this destructive pest include: 1) lack of effective lures for early detection and emergency responses; 2) insufficient work on phytosanitary treatment techniques; and 3) weak definition of and lack of data for B. minax pest free areas in China.

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When natural enemies go to sleep: diapause induction and termination in the pear psyllid predator Pilophorus gallicus (Hemiptera: Miridae)

Ramírez‐Soria

Wäckers

Sánchez

2019

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Pilophorus gallicus Remane (Hemiptera: Miridae) is an important predator of the pear psyllid Cacopsylla pyri L. (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in pear orchards (Pyrus communis L. ‐Rosaceae‐). In the Mediterranean area, it has a multivoltine lifecycle, and can establish resident populations by entering into a facultative embryonic diapause to survive the winter season. Facultative diapause is regulated by environmental factors, and its role in population dynamics is essential because it determines the presence of active individuals in the field. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of (i) photoperiod and temperature on diapause induction in P. gallicus and (ii) photoperiod, temperature, and exposure time on diapause termination. RESULTS Diapause induction was triggered by a short photoperiod (9L:15D), whereas temperature did not influence it significantly. In contrast, diapause termination required a prolonged exposure to low temperature while photoperiod did not have a significant effect. At 6 °C, diapause termination increased significantly between 50 and 70 days of exposure, but not among 70, 90 and 150 days. The longer the exposure of diapausing eggs to 6 °C the shorter their hatching times. Additionally, three different reproductive classes were observed among the female population: diapause inducing, non‐diapause inducing, and mixed. CONCLUSION This work contributes to the knowledge of the reproductive and overwintering strategy of P. gallicus. Embryonic diapause may greatly determine the structure of populations according to environmental conditions and the response of the predator as biological pest control agent. In addition, knowledge of the factors regulating egg diapause may be a useful tool for the mass rearing industry. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Pupal diapause development and termination is driven by low temperature chilling in Bactrocera minax

Cited by 60 publications

References 38 publications

Pupal diapause termination in Bactrocera minax: an insight on 20-hydroxyecdysone induced phenotypic and genotypic expressions

Pupal diapause termination in Bactrocera minax: an insight on 20-hydroxyecdysone induced phenotypic and genotypic expressions

A Review of <i>Bactrocera minax</i> (Diptera: Tephritidae) in China for the Purpose of Safeguarding

When natural enemies go to sleep: diapause induction and termination in the pear psyllid predator Pilophorus gallicus (Hemiptera: Miridae)

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Pupal diapause development and termination is driven by low temperature chilling in Bactrocera minax

Cited by 60 publications

References 38 publications

Pupal diapause termination in Bactrocera minax: an insight on 20-hydroxyecdysone induced phenotypic and genotypic expressions

Pupal diapause termination in Bactrocera minax: an insight on 20-hydroxyecdysone induced phenotypic and genotypic expressions

A Review of &lt;i&gt;Bactrocera minax&lt;/i&gt; (Diptera: Tephritidae) in China for the Purpose of Safeguarding

When natural enemies go to sleep: diapause induction and termination in the pear psyllid predator Pilophorus gallicus (Hemiptera: Miridae)

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A Review of <i>Bactrocera minax</i> (Diptera: Tephritidae) in China for the Purpose of Safeguarding