Punishment sensitivity and tension reduction: Exploring the potential influence of genetics on South Korean alcohol consumption

Mahoney, Benjamin J.; Graham, Deborah; Cottrell, David; Jeong, Dongjun; Heo, Su‐Hak; Kim, Kyung-Yong

doi:10.1080/23311908.2016.1149264

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…94 Studies of Chinese and Korean alcoholics found that heterozygous ALDH2*2 individuals scored significantly higher on the positive alcohol expectancies scale and lower on the negative alcohol expectancies scale than individuals with a functional ALDH2. 95,96 In animal studies, acetaldehyde demonstrates several properties that are similar to addictive drugs, including activation of dopamine receptors, locomotor stimulation, and selfadministration. [97][98][99][100][101][102][103] Interestingly, administration of a lentiviral vector encoding ALDH2 into the brain ventral tegmental area of rats reduced ethanol consumption and binge drinking in rats bred for alcohol preference.…”

Section: Implications For Human Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic Adeno-Associated Virus-Mediated Gene Therapy Prevents the Multiorgan Disorders Associated with Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Deficiency and Chronic Ethanol Ingestion

Matsumura

Alwaseem

et al. 2020

Human Gene Therapy

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{ These authors contributed equally as senior authors.Aldehyde dehydrogenase type 2 (ALDH2), a key enzyme in ethanol metabolism, processes toxic acetaldehyde to nontoxic acetate. ALDH2 deficiency affects 8% of the world population and 35-45% of East Asians. The ALDH2*2 allele common genetic variant has a glutamic acid-to-lysine substitution at position 487 (E487K) that reduces the oxidizing ability of the enzyme resulting in systemic accumulation of acetaldehyde with ethanol ingestion. With chronic ethanol ingestion, mutations in ALDH2 are associated with a variety of hematological, neurological, and dermatological abnormalities, and an increased risk for esophageal cancer and osteoporosis. Based on our prior studies demonstrating that a one-time administration of an adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype rh.10 gene transfer vector expressing the human ALDH2 cDNA (AAVrh.10hALDH2) prevents the acute effects of ethanol administration (the ''Asian flush syndrome''), we hypothesized that AAVrh.10hALDH2 would also prevent the chronic disorders associated with ALDH2 deficiency and chronic ethanol ingestion. To assess this hypothesis, AAVrh.10hALDH2 (10 11 genome copies) was administered intravenously to two models of ALDH2 deficiency, Aldh2 knockout homozygous (Aldh2 -/-) and knockin homozygous (Aldh2 E487K+/+ ) mice (n = 10 per group). Four weeks after vector administration, mice were given drinking water with 10-15% ethanol for 12 weeks. Strikingly, compared with nonethanol drinking littermates, AAVrh.10hALDH2 administration prevented chronic ethanol-induced serum acetaldehyde accumulation and elevated liver malondialdehyde levels, loss of body weight, reduced hemoglobin levels, reduced performance in locomotor activity tests, accumulation of esophageal DNA damage and DNA adducts, and development of osteopenia. AAVrh.10hALDH2 should be considered as a preventative therapy for the increased risk of chronic disorders associated with ALDH2 deficiency and chronic alcohol exposure.

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