Punica granatum L. Inhibits the Growth of Microorganisms Associated with Bovine Mastitis

Abstract

Background: The current research aimed to explore secondary metabolites and antibacterial activity against bacterial agents associated with bovine mastitis from extracts prepared from the peel of fruits of Punica granatum L.. Mastitis is an inflammation in the mammary gland mainly due to infection of bacteria and can be presented clinically or subclinically. The infectious bovine mastitis disease is associated with the reduction and changes in the composition of the milk, as well as in the early disposal of the animal. Objective: We describe the bactericidal activity of ethanolic extracts of the fruit peel of P. granatum, against etiological agents of bovine mastitis (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae). Method: The bactericidal activity was evaluated according to the standards of the European Committee for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing and by the broth microdilution methodology according to the standards of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. The fruit peel extracts of P. granatum were prepared with ethanol solvent (90%). Results: The best results of total inhibition of bacterial growth of the three strains tested were obtained with the concentrations of 75mg/mL of the extract after 1 and 3 hours of treatment. Cell membrane integrity analysis by flow cytometry showed that 1 h of contact there was loss of integrity of the wall and cell membranes. Conclusion: We can suggest that the ethanolic extract of the fruit peel of P. granatum can be an important natural coadjutant compound in the treatment of mastitis as well as being used in the formulation of sanitizers.

Potential of phenolic compounds from pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) by-product with significant antioxidant and therapeutic effects: A narrative review

“…Several studies have been performed to evaluate a beneficial effect of and selected medicinal plants polyphenols against bacterial agents associated with bovine mastitis or Eimeria infection in chickens ( Raheema, 2016 , Amber et al, 2017 , Freitas et al, 2019 , Khorrami et al, 2022 , Yang et al, 2022 , Matsumoto et al, 2015 ). Pomegranate peel represents an important therapeutic potential, not only for human health but also for animals.…”

Natural sanitizers pre- and post-milking in the prevention of bovine mastitis

“…The main target microorganisms associated with bovine mastitis are Streptococcus dysgalactiae, S. uberis, Staphylococcus spp., and fecal coliforms such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, K. oxytoca, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. Some of the environmental bacterial agents are opportunistic, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and S. uberis (PERES NETO;ZAPPA, 2011;FREITAS et al 2020).…”