Pulses of marine subsidies amplify reproductive potential of lizards by increasing individual growth rate

Wright, Amber N.; Piovia‐Scott, Jonah; Spiller, David A.; Takimoto, Gaku; Yang, Louie H.; Schoener, Thomas W.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0706.2013.00379.x

Cited by 39 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Predators (lizards, in our studies) respond rapidly by switching from foraging in the vegetation on herbivores to foraging on the ground on detritivores, leading to a short‐term increase in herbivores and a decrease in plant abundance, depicted at time 1. At time 2, detritivores have decreased precipitously, while predator populations have increased, mainly from feeding on copious amounts of detritivores . At this point, predators have switched back to foraging in the vegetation on herbivores, decreasing herbivory and increasing plant abundance.…”

Section: Toward a Conceptual Framework On Food‐web Successionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of food webs following natural physical disturbances

Spiller

Schoener

Piovia‐Scott

2018

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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The objective of our paper is to develop a mechanistic conceptual framework for how food webs recover from natural physical disturbances. We summarize our work on the effect of hurricanes on island food webs and review other studies documenting how other types of physical disturbances (including fires, floods, and volcanic eruptions) alter food-web interactions. Based on these case studies, we propose that four factors play an important role in food-web succession: (1) disturbance intensity, (2) sequential recovery/colonization of successively higher trophic levels, (3) tradeoffs between growth rate of organisms at different successional stages and susceptibility to consumers, and (4) detritus including autochthonous and allochthonous sources. Studies on river flooding and islands disturbed by hurricanes indicate that energy flow is higher and trophic cascades are stronger during recovery than when the food web is at a steady state. We suggest that as consumer species colonize during succession, they may change the species or phenotypic composition of their food supply from highly vulnerable to less vulnerable items, thereby weakening both bottom-up and top-down effects throughout the food web. High inputs of detritus caused by disturbances can amplify bottom-up effects during early succession, and subsequently alter top-down effects.

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Section: Toward a Conceptual Framework On Food‐web Successionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of food webs following natural physical disturbances

Spiller

Schoener

Piovia‐Scott

2018

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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“…, Wright et al. ), or varying in the predominant mechanism underlying the response (Piovia‐Scott et al. ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, , Wright et al. ). In the short‐term, wrack shades and smothers existing vegetation (Bertness and Ellison , Pennings and Richards ), but it can also provide alternative resources to island ecosystems (Spiller et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress and subsidy effects of seagrass wrack duration, frequency, and magnitude on salt marsh community structure

Hanley

Kimbro

Hughes

2017

Ecology

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Environmental perturbations can strongly affect community processes and ecosystem functions by acting primarily as a subsidy that increases productivity, a stress that decreases productivity, or both, with the predominant effect potentially shifting from subsidy to stress as the overall intensity of the perturbation increases. While perturbations are often considered along a single axis of intensity, they consist of multiple components (e.g., magnitude, frequency, and duration) that may not have equivalent stress and/or subsidy effects. Thus, different combinations of perturbation components may elicit community and ecosystem responses that differ in strength and/or direction (i.e., stress or subsidy) even if they reflect a similar overall perturbation intensity. To assess the independent and interactive effects of perturbation components, we experimentally manipulated the magnitude, frequency, and duration of wrack deposition, a common stress-subsidy in a variety of coastal systems. The effects of wrack perturbation on salt marsh community and ecosystem properties were assessed both in the short-term (at the end of a 12-week experimental manipulation) and long-term (6 months after the end of the experiment). In the short-term, plants and associated benthic invertebrates exhibited primarily stress-based responses to wrack perturbation. The extent of these stress effects on density of the dominant plant Spartina alterniflora, total plant percent cover, invertebrate abundance, and sediment oxygen availability were largely determined by perturbation duration. Yet, higher nitrogen content of Spartina, which indicates a subsidy effect of wrack, was influenced primarily by perturbation magnitude in the short-term. In the longer term, perturbation magnitude determined the extent of both stress and subsidy effects of wrack perturbation, with lower subordinate plant percent cover and snail density, and higher Spartina nitrogen content in high wrack biomass treatments. However, stress effects on the marsh community were generally less pronounced 6 months after the wrack perturbation, indicating capacity for recovery. Our results demonstrate that individual perturbation components can determine the degree to which its effects on the community elicit primarily stress- and/or subsidy-based responses. Further, the nature and extent of stress-subsidy effects can change over time, depending on species' relative ability to tolerate and/or recover from perturbation.

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“…Therefore, the duration of the resource subsidy influences the efficiency of trophic transfer and its benefit to consumers (Marczak and Richardson , Wright et al. ), and may alter the response of recipient communities (Yang 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stream thermal heterogeneity prolongs aquatic‐terrestrial subsidy and enhances riparian spider growth

Uno

2016

Ecology

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Abstract. Emerging aquatic insects from streams are important food sources for riparian predators, yet their availability is seasonally limited. Spatial heterogeneity in stream water temperature was found to spatially desynchronize the emergence timing of aquatic insects, and prolong their flight period, potentially enhancing consumer growth. While a mayfly Ephemerella maculata emergence lasted for 12-22 d in local sites along a river, mayflies emerged 19 days earlier from warmer than cooler sites. Therefore, the overall emergence of E. maculata from the river lasted for 37 d, and adult swarms were observed over that same period in an adjacent reproductive habitat. A feeding experiment with the riparian spider Tetragnatha versicolor showed that a prolonged subsidy, as would occur in a heterogeneous river, led to higher juvenile growth than a synchronous pulsed subsidy of equal total biomass, as would typify a more homogeneous river. Since larger female adult spiders produce more eggs, spiders that received prolonged subsidy as juveniles should achieve higher fecundity. Restoring spatial heterogeneity in streams may benefit not only stream communities but also riparian predators.

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Pulses of marine subsidies amplify reproductive potential of lizards by increasing individual growth rate

Cited by 39 publications

References 33 publications

Recovery of food webs following natural physical disturbances

Recovery of food webs following natural physical disturbances

Stress and subsidy effects of seagrass wrack duration, frequency, and magnitude on salt marsh community structure

Stream thermal heterogeneity prolongs aquatic‐terrestrial subsidy and enhances riparian spider growth

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