Pulsed strontium vapor laser

Платонов, А. А.; Soldatov, A. N.; Filonov, A. G.

doi:10.1070/qe1978v008n01abeh008447

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…While we have previously shown that the micropulse structure of the FEL (each macropulse consists of $14,000 micropulses, of approximately 1 picosecond in duration) plays no role in the ablation characteristics of the FEL [23,24], the role of macropulse duration with respect to efficient tissue ablation and minimal collateral damage, has not been defined. Current alternative sources available for such a comparison include a strontium vapor laser, based on metal vapor laser technology, an OPO based on an Er:YAG pumped ZnGeP 2 crystal (ZGP-OPO), and an Er:YAG pumped AgGaSe 2 OPO [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. The ZGP-OPO used in the following experiments is sufficiently reliable and has enough energy per pulse ($250 mJ) to reach several times the ablation threshold at the wavelengths of interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mid infrared optical parametric oscillator (OPO) as a viable alternative to tissue ablation with the free electron laser (FEL)

et al. 2007

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mid infrared optical parametric oscillator (OPO) as a viable alternative to tissue ablation with the free electron laser (FEL)

et al. 2007

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“…The active volume scaling of the Sr vapor laser has shown a linear increase in the average output power and laser efficiency [9][10][11]. Although the laser average power and pulse energy are important laser characteristics for the material processing, the so called beam quality, which is quantitatively expressed by the beam propagation factor M 2 , basically determines the throughput and more importantly the precision of laser microprocessing via laser ablation and hence the range of the laser applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laser oscillation in the middle infrared (MIR) spectral range has been provided by several lasers, such as free electron lasers [1,2], optical parametric oscillators [3], laser systems based on difference frequency generation [4,5], Raman-shifted alexandrite lasers [5,6], quantum cascade lasers [7], commercially available carbon monoxide lasers, strontium (Sr) vapor laser [8][9][10][11], etc. Their development is justified by a large variety of relevant applications in medicine, laser spectroscopy, precise material processing, remote sensing of atmosphere, determination of linear optical properties of materials newly developed, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precise material microprocessing by high-power diffraction limited laser radiation in middle infrared spectral range

Kostadinov

Temelkov

Karatodorov

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Diffraction-limited laser radiation with a record-high total average output power exceeding 14 W is obtained in the middle infrared spectral region through a new improved master oscillator – power amplifier system based on the strontium vapor laser. Precise microprocessing of optical grade fused quartz, sapphire, stainless steel, hard biological tissues, and polymers is also accomplished. Using a parabolic mirror for the laser beam focusing, spherical aberrations are overcome and a crater diameter and a channel width of the order of the laser wavelength are achieved.

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“…These sources include a strontium vapor laser, a nonlinear optical parametric oscillator based on an Nd:YAG pumped ZnGeP 2 crystal (ZGP-OPO), and an Er:YAG pumped AgGaSe2 OPO among others [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Of these sources, only the ZGP-OPO currently has enough energy per pulse (~250 µJ) to reach three times the ablation threshold for water and soft tissue at the wavelengths of interest given a ~60 µm spotsize, and is sufficiently reliable to perform comparison studies with the FEL.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of OPO and Mark-III FEL for mid-infrared soft tissue ablation

et al. 2005

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The goal of this study was to investigate a Q-switched Er:YAG pumped ZGP crystal Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO) as a potential alternative source to the Mark-III Free Electron Laser (FEL) for delivering 6.45 micron light for clinical applications. In addition, this research increased the understanding of the role of the unique pulse structure of the FEL with respect to the ablation of soft tissue at 6.45 microns, which has been shown to ablate with very minimal collateral damage (<40 microns).The OPO operates from 6-8 microns in wavelength with a 100 ns pulse. Up to 250 micro-joules per pulse can be obtained with this laser. This provides up to three times the threshold energy for ablation given a diffraction limited spot of ~60 microns in diameter. The ablation threshold was determined using PROBIT analysis of 100 pulses on water at 6.1 and 6.45 microns in wavelength. The ablated crater depth was also measured on 90% w/w gelatin at both wavelengths for craters made with between 5 and 500 pulses.The results obtained with the OPO were then compared with a Mark-III FEL with a similar spotsize (~90 microns) to determine if there were any differences due to the unique pulse structure of the FEL, which consists of a 2.85 GHz train of picosecond pulses within a five microsecond envelope. The results showed no difference with respect to the ablation threshold; while the ablated crater depth was reduced for the FEL pulse for equivalent parameters. In addition, bright-field imaging was performed at three times the ablation threshold for both lasers and will be presented.

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Pulsed strontium vapor laser

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Mid infrared optical parametric oscillator (OPO) as a viable alternative to tissue ablation with the free electron laser (FEL)

Mid infrared optical parametric oscillator (OPO) as a viable alternative to tissue ablation with the free electron laser (FEL)

Precise material microprocessing by high-power diffraction limited laser radiation in middle infrared spectral range

Comparison of OPO and Mark-III FEL for mid-infrared soft tissue ablation

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