Pulsed laser deposited and sulfurized Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film for efficient solar cell

Hu, Juguang; Wu, Tong; Ishaq, Muhammad; Farooq, Umar; Chen, Shuo; Zheng, Zhaoke; Su, Zhenghua; Lin, Xiaohui; Fan, Ping; Ma, Hongli; Zhang, Xianghua; Liang, Guangxing

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2021.111383

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…The findings showed that the elemental ratios of the films did not exhibit the standard 2:1:1:4 ratio; rather, they exhibited the elemental characteristics of Cu-depleted and Zn-rich (Figure S2). , The elemental ratio of Cd gradually increased, and the elemental ratio of Zn decreased with an increase in the CCZTS spin-coating cycle. The longitudinal structure showed that the Cd element diffused from top to bottom, inducing longitudinal growth of the bottom CZTS grains and not of the small grains produced by the overall doping.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of CZTS/CCZTS Stacked Structures Prepared through Split-Cycle on the Performance of Flexible Solar Cells

Zhao

Shen

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Flexible CZTS solar cells have attracted significant attention in recent years owing to their high earth element composition and high photovoltaic conversion efficiency. However, these cells are associated with limitations common in compound thin-film solar cells, such as heterojunction interface combination centers, material defects, and energy level mismatch. In the current study, a green and simple solution spin-coating method is proposed for the preparation of flexible solar cells with multicycle CZTS/CCZTS absorber stacked structures to effectively circumvent the limitations of flexible devices. The results showed that the optimized Zn/Cd ratio results in CCZTS films with large grain longitudinal growth. However, lots of small broken grains were formed at the bottom of the absorber owing to the large lattice spacing, leading to the formation of cell leakage channels. The surface morphology of the absorber film was improved by preparing a stacked structure of CZTS and CCZTS with different periods while suppressing the longitudinal grain delamination. The stacked structure also helps to match the energy band of CZTS/CCZTS/CdS heterojunction. The top layer of CCZTS forms a buffered “energy band ladder” in the energy band of the CZTS/CdS heterojunction, thus suppressing the rapid carrier recombination caused by the Cliff-type energy band bending. A flexible solar cell was thus prepared to obtain a high photoelectric conversion efficiency of 6.51%, and the cells showed excellent resistance to mechanical bending.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of CZTS/CCZTS Stacked Structures Prepared through Split-Cycle on the Performance of Flexible Solar Cells

Zhao

Shen

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…After doping annealing, the photoelectric conversion efficiency increased by nearly 1%, which reached 8.65%. Table shows the main parameters of CZTS prepared by PLD in recent years, ,− and the development process of the photoelectric conversion efficiency is shown in Figure c. This work exceeds the maximum PCE of CZTS solar cells prepared by PLD, indicating that PLD has great potential for optoelectronic devices.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Band Alignment by Solution-Processed Aluminum Doping Strategy toward Record Efficiency in Pulsed Laser-Deposited Kesterite Thin-Film Solar Cell

Chen

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Kesterite-based Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 (CZTS) thin-film photovoltaics involve a serious interfacial dilemma, leading to severe recombination of carriers and insufficient band alignment at the CZTS/CdS heterojunction. Herein, an interface modification scheme by aluminum doping is introduced for CZTS/CdS via a spin coating method combined with heat treatment. The thermal annealing of the kesterite/CdS junction drives the migration of doped Al from CdS to the absorber, achieving an effective ion substitution and interface passivation. This condition greatly reduces interface recombination and improves device fill factor and current density. The J SC and FF of the champion device increased from 18.01 to 22.33 mA cm −2 and 60.24 to 64.06%, respectively, owing to the optimized band alignment and remarkably enhanced charge carrier generation, separation, and transport. Consequently, a photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.65% was achieved, representing the highest efficiency in CZTS thin-film solar cells fabricated by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) to date. This work proposed a facile strategy for interfacial engineering treatment, opening a valuable avenue to overcome the efficiency bottleneck of CZTS thin-film solar cells.

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“…However, the presence of secondary phases slightly reduced the efficiency to 8.90% for CZTSe [153]. The CZTS absorber layer deposited by PLD resulted in a device achieving an efficiency of 6.62% [154]. The highest efficiencies were recorded on the devices obtained by magnetron sputtering, particularly for CZTSe films, with efficiencies of 12.50% for single-phase films [155] and 11.40% for films with secondary phases [156].…”

Section: Influence Of Secondary Phases On the Solar Device Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 97%

Recent Progress and Challenges in Controlling Secondary Phases in Kesterite CZT(S/Se) Thin Films: A Critical Review

Zaki,

Velea

2024

Energies

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Kesterite-based copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) and copper zinc tin selenide (CZTSe) thin films have attracted considerable attention as promising materials for sustainable and cost-effective thin-film solar cells. However, the successful integration of these materials into photovoltaic devices is hindered by the coexistence of secondary phases, which can significantly affect device performance and stability. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of recent progress and challenges in controlling secondary phases in kesterite CZTS and CZTSe thin films. Drawing from relevant studies, we discuss state-of-the-art strategies and techniques employed to mitigate the formation of secondary phases. These include a range of deposition methods, such as electrodeposition, sol-gel, spray pyrolysis, evaporation, pulsed laser deposition, and sputtering, each presenting distinct benefits in enhancing phase purity. This study highlights the importance of employing various characterization techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, for the precise identification of secondary phases in CZTS and CZTSe thin films. Furthermore, the review discusses innovative strategies and techniques aimed at mitigating the occurrence of secondary phases, including process optimization, compositional tuning, and post-deposition treatments. These approaches offer promising avenues for enhancing the purity and performance of kesterite-based thin-film solar cells. Challenges and open questions in this field are addressed, and potential future research directions are proposed. By comprehensively analyzing recent advancements, this review contributes to a deeper understanding of secondary phase-related issues in kesterite CZT(S/Se) thin films, paving the way for enhanced performance and commercial viability of thin-film solar cell technologies.

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Pulsed laser deposited and sulfurized Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film for efficient solar cell

Cited by 13 publications

References 45 publications

Effect of CZTS/CCZTS Stacked Structures Prepared through Split-Cycle on the Performance of Flexible Solar Cells

Effect of CZTS/CCZTS Stacked Structures Prepared through Split-Cycle on the Performance of Flexible Solar Cells

Energy Band Alignment by Solution-Processed Aluminum Doping Strategy toward Record Efficiency in Pulsed Laser-Deposited Kesterite Thin-Film Solar Cell

Recent Progress and Challenges in Controlling Secondary Phases in Kesterite CZT(S/Se) Thin Films: A Critical Review

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