Pulsed laser ablation in liquid of sp-carbon chains: Status and recent advances

Abstract

This review provides a discussion of the current state of research on sp-carbon chains synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in liquid. In recent years, pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) has been widely employed for polyynes synthesis thanks to its flexibility with varying laser parameters, solvents, and targets. This allows the control of sp-carbon chains properties as yield, length, termination and stability. Although many reviews related to PLAL have been published, a comprehensive work reporting the current status and advances related to the synthesis of sp-carbon chains by PLAL is still missing. Here we first review the principle of PLAL and the mechanisms of formation of sp-carbon chains. Then we discuss the role of laser fluence (i.e. energy density), solvent, and target for sp-carbon chains synthesis. Lastly, we report the progress related to the prolonged stability of sp-carbon chains by PLAL encapsulated in polymeric matrices. This review will be a helpful guide for researchers interested in synthesizing sp-carbon chains by PLAL.

Impact of Chemical and Physical Properties of Organic Solvents on the Gas and Hydrogen Formation during Laser Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles

“…Besides the formation of microbubbles and carbon shells, the decomposition into small, gaseous molecules, [68,69] as well as high molecular weight carbon species such as polyynes, is observed and was recently reviewed by Marabotti et al [70] . For example, Compagnini et al.…”

“…Besides the formation of microbubbles and carbon shells, the decomposition into small, gaseous molecules, [68,69] as well as high molecular weight carbon species such as polyynes, is observed and was recently reviewed by Marabotti et al [70] For example, Compagnini et al found short polyyne chains in water that did not exceed carbon numbers of eight during the ablation of graphite, while ablation in acetonitrile yields carbon chains of up to 16. [71,72] Park et al performed detailed studies on polyyne formation in solvents with varying chain lengths and found an impact on the polyyne formation, although no clear correlations were found.…”

Nano-Hybrid Ag@LCCs Systems with Potential Wound-Healing Properties

“…In particular, Kucherick et al [ 51 ] evidenced that the structure of polyynes and cumulenes synthesized in Ag nanocolloids is influenced by the concentration of these nanostructures. Their SERS data acquired during the PLAL process helped to better understand the mechanisms of the formation of polyynes, also when in the presence of Ag NPs [ 52 ]. In a similar way to our case, the formation of LCCs in Ag colloids could have induced Ag NPs’ aggregation (as shown by the STEM images), promoting once more the decrease of the LCCs’ sp signature/signal, as evidenced by the UV–Vis absorption data.…”

Advances in Polyynes to Model Carbyne

“…The rod-shaped molecules up to CN­[6] are sufficiently stable for isolation and spectroscopic characterization . In a related approach, the laser ablation of graphite has been refined to efficiently form polyynes in solution, and selected examples are given in Scheme f . The resulting polyynes can be isolated by HPLC separation to give monodisperse products.…”