Pulsed amperometric detection at glassy carbon electrodes: A new waveform for sensitive and reproducible determination of electroactive compounds

Nardiello, Donatella; Palermo, Carmen; Natale, Anna; Quinto, Maurizio; Centonze, Diego

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2015.05.057

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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Section: Amperometric Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amperometric sensors are not inherently selective [18]. Any electrode active species is detected [19,20] (Figure 3). In order to increase the selectivity, it is possible to operate with a filtering of the ion flux before it comes into contact with the electrode surface, for example by means of selectively permeable membranes that exclude the molecules based on their size or properties, such as lipophilic or hydrophobic membranes [21].…”

Section: Amperometric Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of the Analytical Methods Based on HPLC-Electrochemical Detection Coupling for the Evaluation of Organic Compounds of Nutritional and Environmental Interest

et al. 2022

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This review would like to show the state of the art regarding the coupling of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with Electrochemical Detection (ED). Since a universal detector for HPLC is not available, the electrochemical detection methods, thanks to their versatility and specificity, are competitive with respect to the detectors currently used. The papers present in literature on HPLC-ED technique are analyzed and discussed: for example, they regard the development of analytical determinations of resveratrol, rosmarinic acid, aromatic heterocyclic amines and glyphosate in food matrices such as meat, aromatic plants, vegetables, fruit and tomato juices. These papers show that electrochemical sensors used as detectors for HPLC can offer better sensitivity values than other detectors. Furthermore, the use of specific working potentials allows avoid matrix interferences to be avoided by almost exclusively determining the analytes of interest. It should be underlined that HPLC-ED methods have a selectivity that allows for limitation of the sample preparation and clean-up procedures to a minimum, making them quick and easy to apply. In addition, these methods offer advantages such as the possibility of direct analysis, that derivatization is often not necessary, the cost-effectiveness of the instrumentation and the possibility of regenerating the electrodes which allows numerous analyses in succession.

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Section: Amperometric Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Amperometric Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Analytical Methods Based on HPLC-Electrochemical Detection Coupling for the Evaluation of Organic Compounds of Nutritional and Environmental Interest

et al. 2022

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“…Electrochemical methods, such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), square wave voltammetry (SWV), amperometry (A), have been widely used to study the redox properties of flavonoids, providing information about electron-transfer reactions and their redox potentials. Moreover, electroanalytical techniques have proved to be suitable for studying the total antioxidant capacity of flavonoids and other polyphenols and to achieve their determination in highly complex matrixes, such as fruits, vegetables, beverages, food supplements, pharmaceutical drugs and biological fluids [2,[4][5][6][7]. Numerous electrochemical sensing strategies for the analysis of flavonoids have been developed based on functional electrodes and nanostructured materials [8,9], such as metal and carbon nanoparticles (NPs), nanorods (NRs), nanofibers (NFs), nanowires (NWs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene (Gr), graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), quantum dots (QDs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) [10] and other polymers, aerogels, DNA, and dendrimers (Den).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemistry of Flavonoids: A Comprehensive Review

Chiorcea-Paquim

2023

IJMS

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Flavonoids represent a large group of aromatic amino acids that are extensively disseminated in plants. More than six thousand different flavonoids have been isolated and identified. They are important components of the human diet, presenting a broad spectrum of health benefits, including antibacterial, antiviral, antimicrobial, antineoplastic, anti-mutagenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, immunomodulatory, vasodilatory and cardioprotective properties. They are now considered indispensable compounds in the healthcare, food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and biotechnology industries. All flavonoids are electroactive, and a relationship between their electron-transfer properties and radical-scavenging activity has been highlighted. This review seeks to provide a comprehensive overview concerning the electron-transfer reactions in flavonoids, from the point of view of their in-vitro antioxidant mode of action. Flavonoid redox behavior is related to the oxidation of the phenolic hydroxy groups present in their structures. The fundamental principles concerning the redox behavior of flavonoids will be described, and the phenol moiety oxidation pathways and the effect of substituents and experimental conditions on flavonoid electrochemical behavior will be discussed. The final sections will focus on the electroanalysis of flavonoids in natural products and their identification in highly complex matrixes, such as fruits, vegetables, beverages, food supplements, pharmaceutical compounds and human body fluids, relevant for food quality control, nutrition, and healthcare research.

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“…With respect to metal electrodes, GCEs possess excellent electrochemical properties in a wide range of working potentials in organic solvents, but they undergo fouling phenomena when operating at constant potential with certain analytes, with a time-dependent deterioration of the electrochemical response. To overcome this limitation, we propose for the first time the proof-of-concept of PAD at GCEs [30]. The proposed approach allowed the development of a RP-HPLC/PAD method for polyphenols determination in real samples [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of β-Agonists in Urine Samples at Low µg/kg Levels by Means of Pulsed Amperometric Detection at a Glassy Carbon Electrode Coupled with RP-LC

2021

Self Cite

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A method for the determination of β-agonists was developed by combining the separation of analytes through high-performance liquid chromatography, with a reversed-phase column, coupled to the pulsed amperometric detection at a glassy carbon electrode. Preliminary experiments, using cyclic voltammetry, allowed for an understanding of the electrochemical behavior of clenbuterol, fenoterol, and terbutaline. By analyzing the electrochemical response, the conditions for detecting the analytes and for cleaning the working electrode were identified. The proposed potential-time profile was designed to prevent contamination of the carbon electrode following consecutive analyses, so ensuring a reproducible and sensitive quantitative determination. The waveform electrochemical parameters, including detection and delay times, have been optimized in terms of sensitivity, detection limits, and long-term response stability. The chromatographic separation was carried out using a C8 column in isocratic mode, and a mixture of acetic acid and acetonitrile. The optimized experimental conditions were used for the analysis of standard solutions and real samples. Detection limits, lower than the maximum residue limit set for clenbuterol by European directives, were obtained for all β-agonists investigated. The method validation was performed by evaluating the linearity, selectivity, precision, and recovery. Calf urine samples were used to verify the applicability of the proposed method, analyzing both enriched and naturally contaminated urine samples.

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Pulsed amperometric detection at glassy carbon electrodes: A new waveform for sensitive and reproducible determination of electroactive compounds

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Review of the Analytical Methods Based on HPLC-Electrochemical Detection Coupling for the Evaluation of Organic Compounds of Nutritional and Environmental Interest

Review of the Analytical Methods Based on HPLC-Electrochemical Detection Coupling for the Evaluation of Organic Compounds of Nutritional and Environmental Interest

Electrochemistry of Flavonoids: A Comprehensive Review

Determination of β-Agonists in Urine Samples at Low µg/kg Levels by Means of Pulsed Amperometric Detection at a Glassy Carbon Electrode Coupled with RP-LC

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