Pulse spreading in a single-mode fiber due to third-order dispersion

Miyagi, Mitsunobu; Nishida, Shigeo

doi:10.1364/ao.18.000678

Cited by 117 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…4 of Ref. 16) to pulses shorter than 50 fsec, we find that their pulses, reflected by cavity mirrors of 0(W) t 1 X 10-41 sec 3 , begin to broaden and cause subpulses because of the enhancement of the effective value of ¢(w) [in the case of /(w), 95X enhancement occurs 18 ] by the multipass reflection in the cavity. Therefore, when ¢(o) becomes negligibly small, the pulse duration will increase more slowly in the region This behavior is similar to the dispersion dependence of the pulse duration that was analytically derived by Haus and Silberberg 1 0 but is unlike that discussed by Martinez et al 9 Therefore, in the present system, the pulse-shaping mechanism is not solitonlike.…”

mentioning

confidence: 77%

Intracavity femtosecond-pulse compression with the addition of highly nonlinear organic materials

Yamashita¹,

Torizuka²,

Sato³

1988

Opt. Lett.

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It is experimentally shown that using organic materials of high nonlinear refractive index dissolved in a saturableabsorber solution permits femtosecond-pulse compression in a simple colliding-pulse mode-locked laser employing cavity-mirror dispersion adjustment.Fast self-phase modulation 1 ' 2 (FSPM) arising from the nonlinear refractive index (NRI) of a solvent of a saturable absorber, ethylene glycol (EG), restricts direct generation of pulses shorter than 100 fsec from a colliding-pulse mode-locked (CPM) cw dye laser.3 - 6For shorter-pulse generation, therefore, compensation for the upchirp caused by the FSPM is always needed, and lossless dispersive elements are used. Furthermore, in order to compress pulses external to the laser, a dispersive NRI medium such as an optical fiber is used in conjunction with dispersive elements such as a grating pair. 7 ' 8 The NRI medium broadens the pulse spectrum without disturbing relative phases between modes, and the dispersive elements remove the chirp to generate transform-limited pulses.Recently Martinez et al. 9 theoretically showed that short, stable, solitonlike pulses are generated by. a CPM laser operating in the balance between the FSPM that is due to EG and cavity dispersion. They further concluded that the dependence of the pulse duration on its dispersion is remarkably asymmetric. More recently, Haus and Silberberg' 0 pointed out that a NRI medium introduced into a CPM laser with adjustable cavity dispersion leads to shorter, though non-soliton-like, pulses. In this case, the dependence of the pulse duration on the dispersion is symmetric.However, to the authors' knowledge, no one has experimentally investigated how the introduction of a NRI medium into a practical CPM laser influences the generation of femtosecond pulses. This may be because the additional insertion of the usual NRI medium, such as an optical fiber or a Selfoc lens, 10 gives rise to high optical losses, dispersion broadening, and further complication of the cavity configuration. In this Letter we demonstrate that the addition of high-NRI organic materials to a solution of the saturable absorber permits intracavity pulse compression in a simple CPM laser employing cavity-mirror dispersion adjustment.The NRI organic materials used have the following properties: (1) a higher NRI than that of the EG solution (n 2 = 3.0 X 10-16 cm 2 /W), 4 ' 9 (2) an ultrafast time-dependent index change by electronic hyperpolarizability, (3) high solubility for EG or a mixture of EG and benzylalcohol, (4) no absorption around the lasing wavelength region, and (5) good photochemical stability in the solution. Recent studies of high-NRI organic materials enabled us to find suitable materials that satisfy these properties."1 The third-order molecular hyperpolarizabilities, y, of paradimethylamino-3 nitrostyrenel 2 (DMA-NS) and 2'-4'-methyl nitroanilinell (MNA) are much larger than that of usual solvents (by a factor of -104).4,9 13 Therefore, from the NRI equation, 14 n 2 = 37rNy (n 2 + 2)4/81, where n is the lin...

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confidence: 77%

Intracavity femtosecond-pulse compression with the addition of highly nonlinear organic materials

Yamashita¹,

Torizuka²,

Sato³

1988

Opt. Lett.

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“…The value of 4 ( w ) due to all mirrors at the above obtained optimum value of ( 0 ) for up-chirp compensation is calculated to be -1 X lop4' s3. A few research groups derived an equation describing pulse broadening due to the third-order dispersion [8], [9]. Their results showed that for the input chirpcompensated pulse, the behavior of its output pulse shape is symmetric in respect to the sign of 4 ( w ).…”

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confidence: 99%

A chirp-compensation technique using incident-angle changes of cavity mirrors in a femtosecond pulse laser

Yamashita

Torizuka

Sato

1987

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

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Abstract-A technique for chirp-compensation in a CPM laser is presented. By using the change of the incident angle to multilayef. dielectric cavity mirrors, the intracavity second-order dispersion d~ ( w ) is adjusted without any additional elements. It is confirmed that the optimum value of J(w) = +2.1 X lo-" sz obtained when up-chirp was compensated and pulses as short as 55 fs were generated is reasonable, by comparison to analytic results of chirp behaviors. In addition, the effect of the third-order dispersion & ( w ) at the optimum value of $ ( w ) on pulses is evaluated.R ECENT studies on a colliding-pulse mode-locked (CPM) CW dye laser showed that the most important thing for femtosecond pulse generation is to compensate for the frequency chirp arising from dispersion and selfphase modulation in the cavity. For the chirp compensation, there are presently four techniques as follows: 1) the down-chirp compensation by the adjustment of the optical path in a prism inserted in the cavity [l], 2) the up-chirp compensation by the adjustment of the distance between four prisms inserted in the cavity [2], 3) the up-chirp compensation by the adjustment of the incident angle to a pair of Gires-Tournois interferometers used as parts of cavity mirrors [3], and 4) the up-chirp compensation by the use of the optimum second-order dispersion (the details will be described below) due to ho/4 multilayer dielectric mirrors composing of the cavity [4]. The former three techniques necessitate the additional optical elements which furthermore complicate the optical alignment of the CPM ring laser. On the other hand, the last one has the inconvenience that cavity mirrors must be exchanged to other mirrors of different coatings to determine the optimum dispersion. In this paper we report that, by the change of the incident angle to cavity mirrors instead of the exchange of mirrors in the last technique, up-chirp can be compensated. In addition, it is shown that the amount of the second-order dispersion obtained for the up-chirp compensation agrees well with a recent analytic result of chirp behaviors due to intracavity self-phase modulation [ 5 ] . Furthermore, the influence of the third-order disper- sion due to mirrors at the optimum amount of the secondorder dispersion on femtosecond pulses is estimated.The simple CPM (R6G + DODCI) laser used without additional elements is nearly identical to the one we previously described [4], except for the following points. The intracavity second-order dispersion was varied by moving mirrors M6 and M7 to the opposite direction of each other, as shown by arrow bars in Fig. l(a). That is, the incident angles to mirrors M6 and M 7 , respectively, were varied from 45 to 60" and from 40 to 25". The details of the mirror coatings will be described below. The transmission of the output coupling mirrors ( M7 or MI ) is about 0.5 -1.0 percent around 630 nm. Pump powers of 2.4-3.2 W at 514.5 nm were provided by a CW Ar ion laser. The DODCI concentration was 5 X M/1 in a jet from a 39 pm wide noz...

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“…así como que β µ (ω) puede expandirse en una serie de Taylor de tercer orden alrededor de la frecuencia central angular ω o , [48,49], pudiendo así estudiar tanto el fenómeno de dispersión cromática de segundo orden como el de tercer orden de manera simultánea:…”

Section: Fibra Multimodo Con Acoplo De Modosunclassified

“…Sin embargo, en el caso de enlaces de MMF que operen en regiones de longitud de ondaóptica cercana a la región de los 1300 nm para fibras de sílice, la segunda derivada resulta mínima, es decir prácticamente despreciable, β 2 µ ≈ 0 y, como consecuencia, se vuelve necesario considerar la tercera derivada d 3 β µ (ω)/dω 3 = β 3 µ de la constante de propagación a fin de obtener una descripción precisa de la respuesta en frecuencia del enlace de MMF. Los efectos de la dispersión cromática de tercer orden han sido previamente estudiados en detalle en el contexto de enlacesópticos digitales compuestos por fibra monomodo, [48][49][50][51]; al igual que diversas técnicas para su compensación, [52,53]. Para el caso de enlaces de fibra multimodo el interés principal radica en la caracterización de la respuesta en frecuencia, sin embargo hasta la actualidad no ha sido todavía publicado ningún modelo que considere la dispersión cromática de tercer orden.…”

Section: Introducción Al Modelo De Propagación Desarrolladounclassified

Sistemas de banda ancha sobre fibras ópticas multimodo empleando fuentes estrechas y excitación modal central.

Mestre¹

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Pulse spreading in a single-mode fiber due to third-order dispersion

Cited by 117 publications

References 3 publications

Intracavity femtosecond-pulse compression with the addition of highly nonlinear organic materials

Intracavity femtosecond-pulse compression with the addition of highly nonlinear organic materials

A chirp-compensation technique using incident-angle changes of cavity mirrors in a femtosecond pulse laser

Sistemas de banda ancha sobre fibras ópticas multimodo empleando fuentes estrechas y excitación modal central.

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