Pulse Position-Based Spatial Modulation for Molecular Communications

Gursoy, Mustafa Can; Başar, Ertuğrul; Pusane, Alí Emre; Tuǧcu, Tuna

doi:10.1109/lcomm.2019.2898190

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Moreover, the number of drug molecules in the system is assumed to be ≤ N m , as mentioned before. In such a case, it is expected that the number of receptors affects the value of the parameters µ and γ, as shown in (18) and (19). Fig.…”

Section: The Behavior Of the Parameters µ I And γ Imentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In some cases, such as some processing performed by cells, having a fully cover receiver is an appropriate assumption [18]. Also, in some cases where the main focus of the study is on the other parts of the MC system, such as designing a modulation technique [16], [19], the receiver is usually considered to be fully cover. However, in order to study the behavior of the receiver more accurately, it is necessary to take some conditions into account, such as the limited number of receptors and the interaction between the ligand and the receptor.…”

Section: A Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

On the Reception Process of Molecular Communication-Based Drug Delivery

Paridar¹,

Mokari²,

Jorswieck³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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One of the important applications of molecular communication is the targeted drug delivery process in which the drug molecules are released toward the target (receiver) in a way that the side effects are minimized in the human body. As the total number of released molecules increases, the receiver cannot receive all of the transmitted drug molecules. Therefore, the molecules would be accumulated in the system which results in side effects in the body. In order to diagnose the appropriate transmission rate of the drug molecules, it is important to investigate the reception process of the receiver. In this paper, a reception model is studied using queuing theory. In the proposed model, the rejection rate of the drug molecules due to different reasons, such as random movement of the molecules, as well as the rejection rate due to active receptors are taken into account. Moreover, an interval consisting of the lower and upper bounds for the number of released molecules is presented based on the proposed model in order to determine the range of allowable dosage of the drug molecules. It is shown that the queuing theory can be successfully employed in accurate modeling of the reception process of the receiver in drug delivery applications.

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Section: The Behavior Of the Parameters µ I And γ Imentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: A Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Reception Process of Molecular Communication-Based Drug Delivery

Paridar¹,

Mokari²,

Jorswieck³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Spatial-based approaches can also be developed by utilizing MIMO concepts [78] and index modulation [79]. In addition to these, hybrid approaches have also been proposed such as [80] and [81].…”

Section: Detection In General Channelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic reaction and diffusion systems in molecular communications: Recent results and open problems

Egan¹,

Akdeniz²,

Tang³

2022

Digital Signal Processing

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Chemical reactions and diffusion are two basic mechanisms governing the dynamics of molecules in a fluid.As such, they play a critical role in molecular communication for channel modeling, design of detection rules, implementation of molecular circuits for computation, and modeling interactions with external biochemical systems. For finite numbers of information-carrying molecules, stochastic models naturally arise with the simplest example given by the Wiener process, often known as Brownian motion. Nevertheless, the Wiener process fails to be accurate when external forces, friction, and chemical reactions are present. Recently, there have been several contributions that tailor molecular communication systems to these more challenging channel conditions. In this paper, we first overview a general family of stochastic models of reaction and diffusion systems, including both Langevin diffusion and the reaction-diffusion master equation. These models form a basis for the use of these models as molecular communication channels, from which modulation and detection schemes can be developed. We survey recent results on the design of these schemes, with a focus on a recently developed approach which is robust to a wide range of channel models, known as equilibrium signaling. We then turn to the implementation of these detection schemes and related parameter estimation problems via stochastic molecular circuits, based on stochastic chemical reaction networks. Finally, interactions between molecular communication systems and stochastic biological systems as well as open problems are discussed.Our overarching goal is to highlight how the consideration of general stochastic models of reaction and diffusion can be utilized in order to widen the application of molecular communications both within engineered systems, and also as motivation for advances in the mathematical characterization of these models.

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“…where H T denotes the transpose of H . The effectiveness of this approach in reducing ILI can be seen by substituting (14) into (12), which results in…”

Section: A Case 1: Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…over a M × M MIMO system was considered and a better performance on throughput can be obtained. Spatial modulation techniques for molecular MIMO communication were further investigated in [12] and [13], and were expected to achieve better error performance when given the same symbol rate. In [14], novel index-based schemes are provided and are expected to combat inter-symbol interference (ISI) and interlink interference (ILI) efficiently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signal Detection for Molecular MIMO Communications With Asymmetrical Topology

Lin

Guo

2020

IEEE Trans. Mol. Biol. Multi-Scale Commun.

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Molecular communication (MC) has attracted people's attention due to its potential applications at the micro-to nano-scale. In MC, the transmission rate is usually very low due to the slow diffusion of information molecules and therefore multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system is introduced. However, severe interference occurs when the same types of information molecules are used at different transmission antennas. Up to now, most literature focuses on MIMO systems with symmetrical topology. In this paper, a molecular MIMO communication system with asymmetrical topology, where the number of transmission antennas is not equal to that of the reception antennas, is investigated. The zero-forcing (ZF) detection approach is proposed and discussed for three cases, i.e., the number of transmission antennas is smaller than, equal to and larger than the number of the reception antennas. Considering the inter-link interference (ILI) and the inter-symbol interference (ISI), the error probability of ZF detection is derived and comparisons are made with existing molecular MIMO detection method. Besides, the adaptive observation time for each reception antenna is derived for better performance. Numerical results show that ZF detection performs better than the existing molecular MIMO detection method when the ILI is large.

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Pulse Position-Based Spatial Modulation for Molecular Communications

Cited by 18 publications

References 7 publications

On the Reception Process of Molecular Communication-Based Drug Delivery

On the Reception Process of Molecular Communication-Based Drug Delivery

Stochastic reaction and diffusion systems in molecular communications: Recent results and open problems

Signal Detection for Molecular MIMO Communications With Asymmetrical Topology

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