Pulse Oximetry Theory and Calibration for Low Saturations

Zonios, George; Shankar, Uday; Iyer, Vijay K.

doi:10.1109/tbme.2004.826685

Cited by 41 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Wubbeler et al (2007) identified 74 individuals using 234 sessions. Zonios et al (2004) characterised the pulse oximetry trace as a function of subject's state of anxiety. Irvine and Israel (2009) identified the number of heartbeats required for a classifier to make a decision for each subject in a verification system.…”

Section: Experimental Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Heartbeat biometrics: a sensing system perspective

Israel¹,

Irvine²

2012

IJCB

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This paper reviews the emerging research into exploitation of heartbeat data as a biometric for human identification. A variety of methods have been proposed for acquiring heartbeat signatures and a range of processing methods has been examined. We approach the biometric identification and verification problem by characterising the three major factors affecting performance: individual variants, environmental variants, and sensor variants. The ability to collect and process the signal, exploit the data for individual identification or verification, and disseminate the information depends on all three of these factors. Within each component, we have identified the relevant research. Where possible, we have tied these research papers to practical examples using high resolution ECG data. The research indicates that the heartbeat contains rich information about the individual, their level of anxiety, and the cardiac state.Keywords: biometrics; heartbeat; ECG; sensing system; cardiovascular function; human identification. areas of interest include novel biometrics, signal and image processing, quantification and modelling of data quality, and cognitive modeling. He was a Principal Investigator for DARPA's Human Identification at a Distance Program (HumanID). He serves on planning committees for IEEE and SPIE, and has served on several advisory panels for the Department of Defence and the Department of Energy. He has authored over a hundred journal and conference papers and holds a PhD in Mathematical Statistics from Yale University.

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Section: Experimental Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Heartbeat biometrics: a sensing system perspective

Israel¹,

Irvine²

2012

IJCB

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“…These calibration curves are compiled from healthy volunteers, and often have very few data points at oxygen saturation levels below 80% [38]. Efforts have been made to use a better optical model than Beer's law for increased accuracy, especially at low oxygen saturations [45].…”

Section: Optical Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Instrumented Minimally Invasive Surgical Tool: Design and Calibration

Roan

Wright

Lendvay

et al. 2011

Applied Bionics and Biomechanics

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Minimally invasive surgical procedures have improved the standard of patient care by reducing recovery time, chance of infection, and scarring. A recent review estimates that leaks occur in 3% to 6% of bowel anastomoses, resulting in “increased morbidity and mortality and adversely [affecting] length of stay, cost, and cancer recurrence” [23]. Many of these leaks are caused by poor handling and ischemic tissue.Detecting a change in temperature can indicate ischemic tissue. The optical absorption spectrum of a tissue can be used to detect tissue oxygen concentration and tissue ischemia. The electrical impedance of tissue changes as ischemia progresses.This article describes the development of a minimally invasive surgical tool with integrated sensors for replicating ischemia detection measurements during routine manipulation of the tissue. To be useful, this tool should be feasible for use in a real operating room, providing real-time feedback and diagnosis to the surgeon. The design of the tool and choice of the sensors leverages existing work in physiological measurements and surgical tool design.The tool includes a thermistor for measuring the temperature, four LEDs and a photodiode for measuring local optical absorption, and four electrodes for measuring the electrical impedance. The sensors are located on a 7 mm square sensor head, which is mounted to a minimally invasive grasper. A strain gauge and optical encoder monitor the applied force and position of the tool, and a motor controls both. This allows the tool to control the tool-tissue interface. Sensor accuracy has been validated through calibration.

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“…To increase the accuracy below 70% SpO 2 , a calibrated table obtained from SpO 2 simulations was implemented in the system [21,22]. Pulse oximeters based on our design were manufactured and tested with newborns in the NICU, and their performances were evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust Design of Pulse Oximeter Using Dynamic Control and Motion Artifact Detection Algorithms

Cho¹,

Kim²,

Yoon³

2014

Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology

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-Arterial oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ) monitoring for newborns requires special attention in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Newborns have very low photo-plethysmogram (PPG) amplitudes and their body movements are difficult to contain. Hardware design and its associated signal processing algorithms should be robust enough so that faulty measurements can be avoided. In this study, improved designs were implemented to deal with low perfusion, motion artifact, and the influence of ambient light. Dynamic range was increased by using different LED intensities and a feedback system. To minimize the effects of motion artifact and to discard other unqualified data, four additional algorithms were used, which were based on dual-trace detection, continuity of DC level, morphology of PPG, and simultaneity check of SpO 2 . Our SpO 2 system was tested with newborns with normal respiration in the NICU. Our system provided fast, real-time responses and 100% artifact detection was accomplished under 84% of SpO 2 .

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Pulse Oximetry Theory and Calibration for Low Saturations

Cited by 41 publications

References 15 publications

Heartbeat biometrics: a sensing system perspective

Heartbeat biometrics: a sensing system perspective

An Instrumented Minimally Invasive Surgical Tool: Design and Calibration

Robust Design of Pulse Oximeter Using Dynamic Control and Motion Artifact Detection Algorithms

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