Pulse Oximetry in the External Auditory Canal– A New Method of Mobile Vital Monitoring

Buschmann, J.; Huang, Jin

doi:10.1109/jsen.2011.2147780

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Studies have been performed to compare these two types of probes and optimize their design to enhance the performance of a pulse oximeter [34], [36]. However, it is known In addition to the mentioned signal acquisition modes, there is another light path which was proposed in [37], [38] that should be used in auditory canal and the expression "Circummission pulse oximetry" was suggested for it. In this method, the optoelectronic components face outside the canal and away from each other, using a semi-circle path for light to travel through the tissue.…”

Section: Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel wireless ring-shaped multi-site pulse oximeter

AvakhKisomi¹,

Miled

Boukadoum

et al. 2016

2016 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

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Continuous health monitoring for patients with chronic diseases or people working in high-risk environments has been an interesting topic of research in recent years. In modern medical practice, the blood oxygen level is one of the vital signs of the body alongside blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, and breathing rate. Pulse oximeters provide early information on problems in the respiratory and circulatory systems. They are widely used in intensive care, operating rooms, emergency care, birth and delivery, neonatal and pediatric care, sleep studies, and in veterinary care. Proper signal acquisition in a pulse oximetry system is essential to monitor the arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). Since the tissue of finger has a complicated structure, and there is a lack of detailed information on the effect of the light source and detector placement on measuring SpO2, sensor placement plays an important role in this respect. Not enough sensors placed around the finger will have an adverse effect on the light path so high signal quality may become impossible to achieve. The conventional Pulse Oximeters use a finger clip, which uses only one set of LEDs and photodetector (PD). In addition to the inconvenience of the finger clips, the placement of the sensor is not fixed and will be affected by motion artifacts. In this thesis, we present a ring-shaped oximeter that uses six sets of light emitting diodes and photodetectors, uniformly distributed around the finger to identify the best signal path, thus making the signal acquisition immune to ring position on the finger. In addition, this system uses a radio transceiver to eliminate the connection wires to a base station which removes the inconvenience of the tethering and reduce the motion artifacts. In this proof of concept study, this novel ring oximeter is implemented with commercial low power consumption off-the-shelf components mounted on a rigid-flex board that connects to a remote host for signal processing and oxygen level calculation. v

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Section: Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The shunt light level is high in reflection mode and it will be decreased by using the transmission mode. Based on [37], [38], the shunt level is decreased by using the presented method in their papers. Table 1 shows a comparison between the 3 mentioned methods, [37].…”

Section: Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel wireless ring-shaped multi-site pulse oximeter

AvakhKisomi¹,

Miled

Boukadoum

et al. 2016

2016 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

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“…It consists of a head sensor, an arm sensor, and a chest sensor. The head sensor location is fixed in the helmet because it measures blood oxygen saturation (pulse oximetry) on the earlobe, which is one of typical locations used for this type of sensor [ 6 ]. The location of the arm node/sensors (accelerometers and a GPS receiver, temperature and humidity sensors) is fixed and determined by our experiments with a firefighter’s comfort for a particular design of protective clothing in mind.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field-Based Optimal Placement of Antennas for Body-Worn Wireless Sensors

Januszkiewicz

Barba

Hausman

2016

Sensors

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We investigate a case of automated energy-budget-aware optimization of the physical position of nodes (sensors) in a Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN). This problem has not been presented in the literature yet, as opposed to antenna and routing optimization, which are relatively well-addressed. In our research, which was inspired by a safety-critical application for firefighters, the sensor network consists of three nodes located on the human body. The nodes communicate over a radio link operating in the 2.4 GHz or 5.8 GHz ISM frequency band. Two sensors have a fixed location: one on the head (earlobe pulse oximetry) and one on the arm (with accelerometers, temperature and humidity sensors, and a GPS receiver), while the position of the third sensor can be adjusted within a predefined region on the wearer’s chest. The path loss between each node pair strongly depends on the location of the nodes and is difficult to predict without performing a full-wave electromagnetic simulation. Our optimization scheme employs evolutionary computing. The novelty of our approach lies not only in the formulation of the problem but also in linking a fully automated optimization procedure with an electromagnetic simulator and a simplified human body model. This combination turns out to be a computationally effective solution, which, depending on the initial placement, has a potential to improve performance of our example sensor network setup by up to about 20 dB with respect to the path loss between selected nodes.

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“…Patterson et al [ 7 ] developed a multichannel PPG sensor placing around the ear, which needed a wired connection with processing module carried somewhere else on the body and thus is not convenient for wearing. This problem also exists in the design of Buschmann et al [ 8 ], which embedded a SpO 2 sensor inside an ear mould for measurement in the external auditory canal. Mendelson et al [ 9 ] reported a more integrated solution that assembled the senor, power source and data handling in one module fixed on the forehead by a bandage around the head.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflective oxygen saturation monitoring at hypothenar and its validation by human hypoxia experiment

Guo

Cao²,

Zhang³

et al. 2015

BioMed Eng OnLine

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BackgroundPulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) is an important parameter for healthcare, and wearable sensors and systems for SpO2 monitoring have become increasingly popular. The aim of this paper is to develop a novel SpO2 monitoring system, which detects photoplethysmographic (PPG) signals at hypothenar with a reflection-mode sensor embedded into a glove.MethodsA special photo-detector section was designed with two photodiodes arranged symmetrically to the red and infrared light-emitting diodes (LED) to enhance the signal quality. The reflective sensor was placed in a soft silicon substrate sewn in a glove to fit the surface of the hypothenar. To lower the power consumption, the LED driving current was reduced and energy-efficient electronic components were applied. The performance for PPG signal detection and SpO2 monitoring was evaluated by human hypoxia experiments. Accelerometer-based adaptive noise cancellation (ANC) methods applying the least mean squares (LMS) and recursive least squares (RLS) algorithms were studied to suppress motion artifact.ResultsA total of 20 subjects participated in the hypoxia experiment. The degree of comfort for wearing this system was accepted by them. The PPG signals were detected effectively at SpO2 levels from about 100–70%. The experiment validated the accuracy of the system was 2.34%, compared to the invasive measurements. Both the LMS and RLS algorithms improved the performance during motion. The total current consumed by the system was only 8 mA.ConclusionsIt is feasible to detect PPG signal and monitor SpO2 at the location of hypothenar. This novel system can achieve reliable SpO2 measurements at different SpO2 levels and on different individuals. The system is light-weighted, easy to wear and power-saving. It has the potential to be a solution for wearable monitoring, although more work should be conducted to improve the motion-resistant performance significantly.

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Pulse Oximetry in the External Auditory Canal– A New Method of Mobile Vital Monitoring

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

A novel wireless ring-shaped multi-site pulse oximeter

A novel wireless ring-shaped multi-site pulse oximeter

Field-Based Optimal Placement of Antennas for Body-Worn Wireless Sensors

Reflective oxygen saturation monitoring at hypothenar and its validation by human hypoxia experiment

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