Pulp from oil palm fronds by chemical processes

Wanrosli, W.D.; Zainuddin, Zarita; Law, K. N.; Asro, R.

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2006.07.005

Cited by 71 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In some oil palm mills, the EFB is not incinerated, but mulch and directly thrown back to the oil palm plantations [25]. Since EFB belongs to the category of fibrous crop residues or also known as lignocellulosic residues, therefore EFB can also be converted into pulp [26]. Pulp produced from EFB is now being commercialized in Malaysia.…”

Section: Potential Utilization Of Oil Palm Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This findings was made after examining the physical and chemical characteristics (including their response to chemical pulping such as sulfite, soda-sulfite and soda process) of the fiber strands from the frond of oil palm trees. Therefore, the frond pulp might be used as reinforcement component in newsprint production using softwood thermomechanical fibers (a kind of pulp produced via mechanical process) [26]. In addition, oil palm fronds can also go through further processing and can be used as a roughage source for ruminants such as castles and goats.…”

Section: Potential Utilization Of Oil Palm Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Oil palm biomass as a sustainable energy source: A Malaysian case study

Shuit

Tan

Lee

et al. 2009

Energy

424

165

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The latest scientific data confirmed that the earth's climate is rapidly changing. Therefore, it has been widely accepted worldwide that global warming is by far the greatest threat and challenge in the new millennium. The main factor that causes global warming is the release of greenhouse gases to the environment. In order to reduce the emission of these greenhouse gases and to promote sustainable development, renewable energy is the perfect solution to achieve both targets. Besides, latest report has shown that the world, including Malaysia can no longer turn away from renewable energy as fossil fuel reserves can only last for the next 30 to 40 years. On the other hand, presently million of hectares of land in Malaysia is occupied with oil palm plantation generating huge quantities of biomass. In this context, biomass from the oil palm industries appears to be a very promising alternative as a source of raw materials including renewable energy in Malaysia. Thus, this paper aims to presents the current scenario of biomass in Malaysia covering the availability of feedstock as well as current and possible utilization of oil palm biomass. This paper will also discuss some ongoing projects in Malaysia related to the utilization of oil palm biomass as a source of renewable energy. Based on the findings presented, it is definitely clear that Malaysia has position herself in the right path to utilize biomass as a source of renewable energy and this can act as an example to other countries in the world that has huge biomass feedstock.

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Section: Potential Utilization Of Oil Palm Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Potential Utilization Of Oil Palm Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oil palm biomass as a sustainable energy source: A Malaysian case study

Shuit

Tan

Lee

et al. 2009

Energy

424

165

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In some oil palm mills, EFB is not incinerated, but mulch and directly thrown back to oil palm plantations [12]. Since EFB belongs to the category of fibrous crop residues or also known as lignocellulosic residues, therefore EFB can also be converted into pulp [13][14].…”

Section: Clean Development Mechanism (Cdm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

CDM Potential in Palm Solid Waste Cogeneration as an Alternative Energy in Aceh Province

Mahidin

Machdar

Faisal

et al. 2013

MST

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Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) as a solid waste in Crude Palm Oil (CPO) industry does not utilized yet as an alternative energy source to generate electricity. It is well known that use of solid wate (biomass) as an energy source is part of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) scheme due to direct reduction of Green House Gases (GHGs) emission and provide a direct contribution to sustainable development. Utilization of EFB as a source of energy is very potential to be implemented in Aceh since this province has 25 CPO Mills at the moment which actively produce about 870,000 ton EFB per year. This study is subjected to evaluate the potency of electricity from EFB theoretically by using primary data (survey data) and secondary data. Potency of EFB and number of electricity produced from that EFB are estimated using primary data and direct combustion scenario, respectively. Calculation methods for emission reduction acieved are done by AMS-I.D: Renewable electricity generation to the grid and AMS-III.E: Methane emissions avoided from dumping at a solid waste disposal site. The result of this investigation shows that energy consumption in 25 CPO Mills is 45 GW(e)h per year. Evidently, the number of energy/electricity which is potential to be produced by using 75% EFB is 1,047 GWh per year; so that the GHGs emission reduction up to 171,232.21 tCO 2 e per year. AbstrakPotensi MPB dalam Co-Generasi Limbah Padat Kelapa Sawit sebagai Energi Alternatif di Provinsi Aceh. Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) sebagai limbah padat di industri minyak kelapa sawit belum dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber energi alternatif untuk membangkitkan listrik. Sudah sangat dimaklumi bahwa pemakaian limbah padat (biomassa) sebagai sumber energi adalah bagian dari skema Mekanisme Pembangunan Bersih (MPB) karena dapat mereduksi emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK) secara langsung dan dapat memberikan kontribusi langsung terhadap pembangunan berkelanjutan. Pemanfaatan TKKS sebagai sumber energi sangat potensial untuk diimplementasikan di Aceh karena provinsi ini memiliki 25 Pabrik Kelapa Sawit (PKS) saat sekarang yang aktif memproduksi sekitar 870.000 ton TKKS per tahun. Studi ini diarahkan untuk mengevaluasi potensi listrik dari TKKS secara teoritik dengan menggunakan data primer (data survei) dan data sekunder. Potensi TKKS dan jumlah listrik yang dapat diproduksi dari TKKS tersebut masing-masing diestimasi menggunakan data primer dan skenario pembakaran langsung. Metode perhitungan untuk reduksi emisi yang diperoleh dilakukan dengan AMS-I.D: Pembangkitan listrik dari energi terbarukan untuk dimasukkan ke grid dan AMS-III.E: Pencegahan emisi metana dari penumpukan biomassa di tempat pembuangan limbah padat. Hasil dari investigasi ini menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi energi untuk 25 PKS adalah sebesar 45 GW(e)h per tahun. Jumlah energi/listrik yang mungkin diproduksi dengan memanfaatkan 75% potensi TKKS adalah 1,047 GWh per tahun; sehingga reduksi emisi GRK mencapai 171,232.21 tCO 2 e per tahun.

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“…Treated palm trunks can be made into furniture (Darnoko 2002cited in Simorangkir 2007. Other experimental items made from byproducts include paper (Wanrosli et al 2007), fibre board and fillers (Wahid et al 2005), activated carbon , fish food (Bahurmiz and Ng 2007), compost for growing mushrooms, and enzymes, vitamins and antibiotics (Ramachandran et al 2007). Palm fibre is already used in the composite body of Malaysia's national car.…”

Section: Box 1 Potential Oil Palm Byproducts May Increase Profits Anmentioning

confidence: 99%