Pulp analysis of teeth submitted to different types of forces: a histological study in rats

Cuoghi, Osmar Aparecido; Faria, Lorraine Perciliano de; Ervolino, Edílson; Barioni, Sônia Regina Panzarini; Topolski, Francielle; Arana-Chavez, Victor E.; Mendonça, Marcos Rogério de

doi:10.1590/1678-7757-2017-0626

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…8,9 These impacts lead to pulpal hypoxia. 10,11 Our previous study also confirmed the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF in dental pulp is enhanced by mechanical force. 12 These highlighted the critical role of hypoxia signalling in the pulp inflammation during orthodontic tooth movement.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Macrophage M2 polarization promotes pulpal inflammation resolution during orthodontic tooth movement

Li,

Ren,

Zhang

et al. 2024

J Cellular Molecular Medi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mechanical force induces hypoxia in the pulpal area by compressing the apical blood vessels of the pulp, triggering pulpal inflammation during orthodontic tooth movement. However, this inflammation tends to be restorable. Macrophages are recognized as pivotal immunoreactive cells in the dental pulp. Whether they are involved in the resolution of pulpal inflammation in orthodontic teeth remains unclear. In this study, we investigated macrophage polarization and its effects during orthodontic tooth movement. It was demonstrated that macrophages within the dental pulp polarized to M2 type and actively participated in the process of pulpal inflammation resolution. Inflammatory reactions were generated and vascularization occurred in the pulp during orthodontic tooth movement. Macrophages in orthodontic pulp show a tendency to polarize towards M2 type as a result of pulpal hypoxia. Furthermore, by blocking M2 polarization, we found that macrophage M2 polarization inhibits dental pulp‐secreting inflammatory factors and enhances VEGF production. In conclusion, our findings suggest that macrophages promote pulpal inflammation resolution by enhancing M2 polarization and maintaining dental health during orthodontic tooth movement.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Macrophage M2 polarization promotes pulpal inflammation resolution during orthodontic tooth movement

Li,

Ren,

Zhang

et al. 2024

J Cellular Molecular Medi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Force application is re-activated monthly over the course of orthodontic treatment, leading to cycles of inflammation. Under these conditions, the dental pulp tissue, like other connective tissues, has an elevated repair capacity and can adapt to the orthodontic force [ 37 ]. The dental pulp has been reported to show an extraordinary ability to withstand a long-term continuous heavy force [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulp blood flow changes in maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth after orthodontic retraction: a prospective study

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Previous studies of pulpal blood flow (PBF) changes in anterior teeth have been limited in the early phase of orthodontic treatment; less is known about the blood supply of anterior teeth in bimaxillary protrusion patients after orthodontic retraction. Methods Fifty bimaxillary protrusion patients (25 orthodontic patients ready for debonding and 25 non-orthodontic patients) were selected as study participants. The PBF of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth were measured using laser Doppler flowmetry. For orthodontic patients, the PBF was measured at 1 day (T1), 1 month (T2), and 3 months (T3) after fixed appliance removal. Non-orthodontic patient PBF was measured as a control. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations before and after orthodontic treatment were performed for orthodontic patients to measure the root resorption. The anterior teeth in orthodontic group were further divided into subgroups according to root resorption and patient age. Results At T1 and T3, PBF changes did not differ significantly between the orthodontic and non-orthodontic groups. Maxillary lateral incisor, maxillary central incisor, and mandibular lateral incisor PBFs at T2 were significantly higher in the orthodontic group (P = 0.048, P = 0.04, and P = 0.021). No significant difference in PBF was found between the root resorption and non-resorption subgroups at any time point. Adolescent patients showed a higher PBF in the maxillary lateral incisor at T2 (12.23 ± 3.48) relative to that at T1 (9.10 ± 3.76) and T3 (9.81 ± 2.80) with statistically significant difference (P = 0.020). Conclusion For bimaxillary protrusion patients with four premolars extraction, PBF in the maxillary anterior teeth increased transiently after orthodontic appliance removal and then returned to non-orthodontic levels 3 months later. This effect was more pronounced in adolescents. The PBF of anterior teeth after orthodontic retraction may not be influenced by root resorption.

show abstract

“…This type of force could be associated to less aggressive and temporary damage to the PDL, due to a minor alteration in blood flow and collateral microcirculation caused by the inflammatory process, which could be a biological explanation of the pain response after the activation of orthodontic forces that comes back to normal in a few days without generating permanent damage to PDL ( 11 , 12 ), In the same way, the pulp will undergo a mild reversible inflammatory effect consistent with the increase in blood flow due to the CGRP that migrates to the pulp through dentinal tubules, lateral ducts or apical foramen to the PDL. However, there are no irreversible changes in the vascular structure of the pulp and if they occur, they are rapidly compensated through angiogenesis ( 29 , 30 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sustained expression of CGRP will produce fibrosis of the tissue due to hyalinization and reduction of blood vessels replaced by mineralized tissue, thus an irreversible state will be produced in the pulp, reaching necrosis, and therefore, magnifying the inflammatory response of PDL and accentuating resorption processes (Fig. 1 ) ( 6 , 12 , 29 , 33 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of orthodontic forces on calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) expression in the human periodontal ligament and its relationship with the human dental pulp

Caviedes-Bucheli¹,

Monsalve²,

Aranguren-Carrero³

et al. 2022

J Clin Exp Dent

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of moderate and severe orthodontic forces on Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) expression in the healthy human periodontal ligament (PDL) and its possible relationship with the human dental pulp. Material and Methods Ninety human periodontal ligament samples were obtained from healthy premolars where extraction was indicated for orthodontic reasons. Prior to extraction, teeth were divided in 3 groups of 30 samples each: I) Untreated teeth control group; II) Moderate force group: A 56 g force was applied to the premolars for 24 hours; and III) Severe force group: A 224 g force was applied to the premolars for 7 days. All periodontal ligament samples were processed and CGRP was measured by radioimmunoassay. Results Greater CGRP expression was found in the severe force group, followed by the moderate force group. The lower CGRP values were for the untreated teeth. Kruskal-Wallis test showed statistically significant differences between groups ( p <0.001). LSD post hoc tests showed statistically significant differences in CGRP expression between the untreated teeth and the severe forces group ( p <0.001). Differences between the moderate and severe force groups were statistically significant ( p <0.001). There was no statistically significant differences between the untreated teeth and the moderate forces group ( p <0.261). Conclusions CGRP expression in human periodontal ligament increases when teeth are submitted to severe orthodontic forces. This elevated expression of CGRP, which is proportional to the applied force, may affect the way the dental pulp responds to different stimuli from the orthodontic forces. Key words: Calcitonin gene-related peptide, orthodontic force, human periodontal ligament, neurogenic inflammation.

show abstract

Pulp analysis of teeth submitted to different types of forces: a histological study in rats

Cited by 5 publications

References 32 publications

Macrophage M2 polarization promotes pulpal inflammation resolution during orthodontic tooth movement

Macrophage M2 polarization promotes pulpal inflammation resolution during orthodontic tooth movement

Pulp blood flow changes in maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth after orthodontic retraction: a prospective study

The effect of orthodontic forces on calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) expression in the human periodontal ligament and its relationship with the human dental pulp

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About