Pulmonary metastases in urogenital cancers: Surgical treatment and outcomes

Abstract

Background Metastasis is remaining one of the major problems in cancer treatment. Like many other malignancies, urogenital tumors originating from kidney, prostate, testes, and bladder tend to metastasize to the lungs.The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the results of pulmonary metastasectomy in patients with primary urogenital tumors. Methods This study was approved by the local ethical committee. This study retrospectively analyses the patients who underwent lung resections for metastases in our department between 2002 and 2018. 22 out of 126 patients referred for pulmonary metastasectomy to our department had metastases from urogenital tumors. Demographic data and clinicopathological features were extracted from the medical records. Diseasefree interval (DFI) was de ned as the time between the rst curative surgery and the detection of pulmonary metastasis.Results Among 22 patients who underwent lung metastasectomy consisted of 17 males and ve females. Their metastasis originated from renal cell carcinoma (RCC; n = 9), bladder tumor (n = 7), testis tumors (n = 4), and prostate cancer (n = 2). There was no intraoperative complication. Postoperative complications were seen in 2 patients.Conclusions Although pulmonary metastases and its surgical management in various types of tumors is well known and documented, the data is limited to the role of the surgery for metastases of urogenital cancers on literature. Despite the limitations of this study, we aim to document our promising results of pulmonary metastasectomy in patients with primary urogenital tumors.Trial registration This study was approved by the local ethical committee (Registration number: 49109414-604.02 ; Date: 11/06/2019).or retroperitoneum was described as a negative predictive factor of disease-free survival. ** The number of cases undergoing pulmonary metastasectomy for prostate cancer is very limited in the literature therefore, we reviewed 2 well written case report. *** 6 months survival was reported as 100% for urologic cancers and 94.44% for genital cancers.

Prostate Cancer Lung Metastasis: Clinical Insights and Therapeutic Strategies

“…Specifically, patients with lung metastasis tend to experience a more favorable disease course compared to other sites of visceral metastasis [ 8 ]. As in Table 1 , prognosis and survival outcomes in prostate cancer lung metastasis vary significantly according to the present studies, with survival ranging from 3 to 88 months and a median survival of 26 months [ 13 , 15 , 17 , 18 , 20 , 21 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 28 , 29 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 41 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 49 , 52 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 69 , 71 ]. The survival outcomes depend on several factors, including the extent of metastatic spread, the aggressiveness of the disease, the presence of comorbidities, and the effectiveness of treatment interventions [ 93 ].…”

“…PCa lung metastasis may manifest with symptoms that primarily result from the spread of cancer cells to the lungs. In the early stages, individuals may not experience noticeable symptoms, and the metastasis may be asymptomatic [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]; however, as the disease progresses and the metastatic lesions affect lung function and adjacent structures, various symptoms may emerge. Persistent coughing, often accompanied by the production of sputum, can develop as a consequence of parenchymal lung involvement.…”

“…Additionally, histopathology plays a pivotal role in guiding personalized therapeutic approaches and advancing our knowledge of the complex nature of prostate cancer metastasis to the lungs. In light of our research findings, which indicate that ultrasound or CT-guided biopsy and tissue evaluation were commonly employed in most of the studies, it can be inferred that histopathology stands out as the most accurate method for diagnosing lung metastasis in PCa [ 12 , 13 , 21 ].…”