Pulmonary manifestations of large, medium, and variable vessel vasculitis

Adams, Traci N.; Zhang, David; Batra, Kiran; Fitzgerald, John E.

doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2018.11.003

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 113 publications

(223 reference statements)

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“…Aortic GCA usually remains asymptomatic during the early phase and may cause serious complications in the late phase, such as aneurysms and dissections. Differently to arteriosclerosis, aneurysms in GCA more frequently involve the thoracic aorta and seem more prone to dissection; involvement of the lungs is considered rare in this vasculitis, and may be characterized by nodules, infiltrates, lymphocytic alveolitis, alveolar hemorrhage, and unilateral pleural effusion [ 22 , 23 ]. As in TA, 18F-FDG PET is useful in the demonstration of active disease and in follow-up; however, it must be considered that the interpretation is more difficult than in TA because GCA patients are usually older and there is often concomitant arteriosclerosis [ 5 ].…”

Section: Pulmonary Vasculitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It typically presents with eyes involvement (uveitis), recurrent oral and genital ulcers. It may also affect other organs and systems, such as joints, the gastrointestinal system, central nervous system, cardiovascular system, and the lungs [ 23 , 24 ]. It usually presents in the second or third decade of life and the thoracic involvement is seen in 1–8% of cases.…”

Section: Pulmonary Vasculitismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pulmonary Vasculitides: A Radiological Review Emphasizing Parenchymal HRCT Features

et al. 2021

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Vasculitides represent a heterogeneous group of immune-mediated disorders, characterized by a systemic inflammatory destructive process of the blood vessels resulting either in ischemia or hemorrhage. The organ involved and vessel size influence the pattern of presentation of the pathology. The lung is commonly involved in systemic vasculitides, with heterogeneous clinical, radiological, and histopathological presentations. Primary vasculitides most commonly associated with lung parenchymal involvement include small-vessel antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides, such as granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). Several studies have reported cases of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) associated with systemic vasculitis, particularly those positive for ANCA associated vasculitis/vasculitidis: AAV. We have selected from our case series different radiological features of pulmonary vasculitis (i.e., solitary or multiple nodules, cavitary lesions, nodules with centrilobular or peribronchial distribution, airspace consolidations, “crazy paving” appearance, interstitial disease), including cases with interstitial lung alterations. Therefore, the aim of this review is to describe the typical clinical manifestations of vasculitides and their main radiologic features (especially AAV).

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Section: Pulmonary Vasculitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pulmonary Vasculitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Vasculitides: A Radiological Review Emphasizing Parenchymal HRCT Features

et al. 2021

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“…GCA-related pulmonary involvement can include pulmonary embolism, pulmonary infarction, pulmonary nodules, and pleural effusion [ 4 , 5 ]. In one study, 13% of cases had cough related to GCA and a correlation was found between inflammatory biomarkers and presence of dry cough [ 1 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giant Cell Arteritis as an Uncommon Cause of Chronic Cough: A Case Report

Salahuddin

Sabath

2021

Am J Case Rep

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Patient: Female, 27-year-old Final Diagnosis: Giant cell arteritis Symptoms: Cough Medication:— Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Pulmonology Objective: Unknown etiology Background: Chronic cough is a common medical concern. Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is an uncommon cause of chronic cough and is not usually suspected since symptoms can be non-specific. We present a case of chronic cough due to GCA in which symptoms were subtle but imaging was remarkable and clearly disclosed the diagnosis. Case Report: A 71-year-old woman presented to the pulmonary clinic with a concern of worsening cough for 4 months. She had been treated with proton pump inhibitor, intranasal steroids, and antibiotics, without improvement. Other symptoms were an occasional headache for the prior 5 months, but this had resolved. She had a history of early-stage breast and thyroid cancers, both of which were treated surgically several years earlier and were in remission. Results of a physical examination including flexible video laryngoscopy of the upper airway were completely normal. Laboratory investigations showed normal blood chemistries and blood cell counts. Her C-reactive protein level was 1 mg/L (upper limit of normal <10) but her erythrocyte sedimentation level was 121 mm/hr (upper limit of normal <30). A positron emission tomography (PET) scan was performed as surveillance for her prior cancers. This showed diffuse tracer uptake in the aorta as well as bilateral common carotid, subclavian, and common iliac arteries, revealing GCA as the underlying diagnosis. Conclusions: Giant cell arteritis is a rare cause of chronic cough. Other symptoms can be subtle or non-specific as in our case, and a high index of suspicion is needed to obtain a temporal artery biopsy. In these cases, imaging adjuncts can provide a non-invasive diagnosis.

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“…The commonest of these conditions is Kawasaki disease which, by some estimates, accounts for Pulmonary manifestations of systemic vasculitis in childhood almost half of all paediatric vasculitis. c-PAN is significantly rarer, but is notable for its ability to cause bronchial artery aneurysms that might be identified following investigation for haemoptysis, or seen incidentally in asymptomatic patients [13].…”

Section: Medium Vessel Vasculitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary manifestations of systemic vasculitis in childhood

Lawton

Machta

Semple

et al. 2020

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The systemic vasculitides are a heterogenous group of rare conditions with an incompletely understood aetiology. Any of the systemic vasculitides may cause respiratory disease, but some conditions are more likely to affect the pulmonary system, often through pulmonary infarction and diffuse alveolar haemorrhage. These conditions are often difficult to diagnose due to their rarity and significant clinical overlap with common respiratory conditions. Prompt diagnosis and management can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality.

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Pulmonary manifestations of large, medium, and variable vessel vasculitis

Cited by 28 publications

References 113 publications

Pulmonary Vasculitides: A Radiological Review Emphasizing Parenchymal HRCT Features

Pulmonary Vasculitides: A Radiological Review Emphasizing Parenchymal HRCT Features

Giant Cell Arteritis as an Uncommon Cause of Chronic Cough: A Case Report

Pulmonary manifestations of systemic vasculitis in childhood

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