Pulmonary Infiltrates, Asthma and Eosinophilia Due to<i>Ascaris suum</i>Infestation in Man

Phills, James A.; Harrold, A. J.; Whiteman, G. V.; Perelmutter, L.

doi:10.1056/nejm197205042861802

Cited by 159 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Infections with certain intestinal nematodes, such as Ascaris, hook worms, and Strongyloides stercoralis, have been shown to occasionally cause pulmonary infiltration with peripheral blood eosinophilia recognized as a type of Löffler's syndrome [1][2][3]. The lung lesions appear to be associated with migrating nematode larvae, since the larvae transiently pass through the lungs and trachea before infesting the final habitat, the intestine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lung granulomatous response induced by infection with the intestinal nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis is suppressed in mast cell-deficient Ws/Ws rats

Arizono

Nishida

Uchikawa

et al. 1996

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYCertain nematode infections induce eosinophil infiltration and granulomatous responses in the lungs. To examine the role of mast cells in the development of lung lesions, normal = and genetically mast cell-deficient Ws/Ws rats were infected with the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. In = rats, numbers of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) increased significantly 3-7 days after infection, and granulomatous responses composed of histiocytes/macrophages and multinucleate giant cells were triggered in the lungs 3-14 days after infection. Challenge infection, which was carried out on day 28 after primary infection, induced much higher levels of granulomatous response than after primary infection, suggesting that the response is mediated at least in part by an immunological mechanism. In Ws/Ws rats, both the eosinophil percentage in BALF and the size of the granulomas in the lungs were significantly smaller than in = rats after primary as well as after challenge infection. The amount of rat mast cell protease (RMCP) II in = rat BALF was increased 1 day after primary infection and more significantly after challenge infection, suggesting that lung mucosal mast cells were activated more markedly after the challenge infection. In Ws/Ws rats, RMCP II was undetectable throughout the observation period. The time course of nematode migration in the lungs did not differ in = and Ws/Ws rats. These results suggest that mast cell activation might be relevant to eosinophil infiltration and granulomatous response in the lungs, although the responses do not affect lung migration of the nematode.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lung granulomatous response induced by infection with the intestinal nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis is suppressed in mast cell-deficient Ws/Ws rats

Arizono

Nishida

Uchikawa

et al. 1996

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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“…In a small proportion of patients, these nematode infections may induce an inflammatory process in the lung which, akin to asthma, is characterized by eosinophil infiltration and may be accompanied by asthma-like symptoms (16,39,42). However, most patients do not develop pulmonary symptoms; moreover, AHR and positive skin reaction against common allergens was not clearly associated with the nematode infections (16,34,52).…”

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confidence: 99%

Infection withStrongyloides venezuelensisInduces Transient Airway Eosinophilic Inflammation, an Increase in Immunoglobulin E, and Hyperresponsiveness in Rats

Silveira¹,

Nunes²,

Cara³

et al. 2002

Infect Immun

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Infection by nematode parasites with a pulmonary migration in their life cycle and allergic asthma are two highly prevalent diseases in humans; therefore, one may expect both may occur concomitantly. There is a predominant and essential role of Th2 lymphocytes in the mechanisms underlying the control of parasite elimination as well as in the pathology observed in the asthmatic lung. The consequences of such situations have been explored, with controversial results, justifying the development of experimental models in which the relationship between allergic airway inflammation and helminth infection might be evaluated. The present work describes the inflammatory, humoral, and functional changes that occur in the lung of rats after single (subcutaneous inoculation of 1,500 L3 larvae) or multiple (five weekly subcutaneous inoculations of 1,500 L3 larvae) Strongyloides venezuelensis infections. The results show that the migration of S. venezuelensis larvae through the lungs of infected rats induces a local eosinophilic inflammation process which is mostly focal and parenchymal for rats infected a single time and which is peribronchial after multiple infections. The inflammatory process is accompanied by mucus hypersecretion, thickening of bronchial epithelial and muscle layers, and local increase in immunoglobulin E concentrations that peak after 5 to 7 days and are resolved after 12 days of single or multiple infections. The peak of lung immunopathologic changes observed in infected rats coincides with lung airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), a key functional alteration in asthma. We propose that this experimental model is ideal to carry out further studies on immunoprotection against nematode infection versus immunopathology of allergic airway inflammation.

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“…1 the 1984 Rajneeshee incident in which restaurant salad bars were contaminated with Salmonella Typhimurium (Török et al, 1997) 2 a 1996 incident in the Dallas area where a laboratory worker sickened 12 of her colleagues with food intentionally contaminated with Shigella dystenteriae type 2 (Kolavic et al, 1997) 3 a 1970 incident where people in a Quebec home ate food contaminated with Ascaris suum (Phillis et al, 1972).…”

Section: Assumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the terrorist threat to the food supply: food defence, threat assessments, and the problem of vulnerability

Dalziel

2011

IJFSNPH

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Within a historically-informed framework utilising the related concepts of capability and intentions we identify and critically assess three core assumptions underlying the concept of food defence:1 that there is a 'real and current' threat to the food supply chain by terrorist organisations 2 such an attack is easy to do 3 the effects of such an attack can be extrapolated from food safety incidents.In doing so, we find that food defence is largely driven by perceptions of vulnerability, the effect of which is a misperception in threat.

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Pulmonary Infiltrates, Asthma and Eosinophilia Due toAscaris suumInfestation in Man

Cited by 159 publications

References 19 publications

Lung granulomatous response induced by infection with the intestinal nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis is suppressed in mast cell-deficient Ws/Ws rats

Lung granulomatous response induced by infection with the intestinal nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis is suppressed in mast cell-deficient Ws/Ws rats

Infection withStrongyloides venezuelensisInduces Transient Airway Eosinophilic Inflammation, an Increase in Immunoglobulin E, and Hyperresponsiveness in Rats

Assessing the terrorist threat to the food supply: food defence, threat assessments, and the problem of vulnerability

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